tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-41297946186530318072024-03-05T00:11:25.353-08:00Berbagi IlmuAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01956050610352054554noreply@blogger.comBlogger7125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129794618653031807.post-80491630211569781262013-01-05T05:06:00.003-08:002013-01-05T05:06:34.562-08:00METADATA<br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Metadata</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">
adalah informasi terstruktur yang mendeskripsikan, menjelaskan, menemukan, atau
setidaknya membuat menjadikan suatu informasi mudah untuk ditemukan kembali,
digunakan, atau dikelola. Metadata adalah informasi yang membuat Anda lebih
mudah untuk mendapatkan, menggunakan, atau mengelola resource (sumber daya)
atau objek.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVXQ4oUtBldwDdvkC1gy9-I9ove-Cz8Sn1772GYd_vCBM0bEGgr7kaZQ8oPjbbQrG-eqW1IgbHuBOoPbNUMI2miK9YQDXlSPzCyD0a7FH3u13XEHtRPACDHI5OUItSKzP2grT_IP4fv45h/s1600/metadata.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="color: black;"><img alt="" border="0" height="384" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVXQ4oUtBldwDdvkC1gy9-I9ove-Cz8Sn1772GYd_vCBM0bEGgr7kaZQ8oPjbbQrG-eqW1IgbHuBOoPbNUMI2miK9YQDXlSPzCyD0a7FH3u13XEHtRPACDHI5OUItSKzP2grT_IP4fv45h/s640/metadata.jpeg" title="hj" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> Metadata sering disebut sebagai <span style="color: black;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data" title="Data">data</a> tentang data atau <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informasi" title="Informasi">informasi</a>
tentang informasi. Metadata ini mengandung informasi mengenai isi dari suatu
data yang dipakai untuk keperluan manajemen file/data itu nantinya dalam suatu <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database" title="Database">basis data</a>.</span>
Jika data tersebut dalam bentuk <b>teks</b>, metadatanya biasanya berupa
keterangan mengenai nama ruas (field), panjang field, dan tipe fieldnya:
integer, character, date, dll. Untuk jenis data <b>gambar</b> (image), metadata
mengandung informasi mengenai siapa pemotretnya, kapan pemotretannya, dan
setting kamera pada saat dilakukan pemotretan. Satu lagi untuk jenis data
berupa <b>kumpulan file</b>, metadatanya adalah nama-nama file, tipe file, dan
nama pengelola (administrator) dari file-file tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Fungsi
metadata<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Metadata
memberikan fungsi yang sama seperti katalog yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">membuat sumberdaya
bisa ditemukan dengan menggunakan kriteria yang relevan;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">mengidentifikasi
sumberdaya<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">mengelompokkan
sumberdaya yang serupa<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">membedakan sumberdaya
yang tak miliki kesamaan<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">memberikan informasi
lokasi<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Kegunaan</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Semua jenis
metadata memiliki struktur yang menggambarkan resource, menjelaskan tujuan,
atau menceri letaknya pada sebuah sistem milik Anda.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Metadata
memastikan bahwa resource tetap bisa diakses dan informasi yang relevan
tersedia ketika Anda membutuhkannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Namun, Anda
tidak perlu menciptakan semua tiga jenis metadata untuk setiap resource.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Sebagai
contoh, jika Anda hendak membuat diagram alur untuk menciptakan sebuah program
perangkat lunak, memasukkan metadata struktural dan administratif mungkin sudah
mencukupi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Jenis metadata<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Metadata berisi berbagai informasi dan dapat
dipecah menjadi tiga jenis utama: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Metadata deskriptif</span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> menggambarkan suatu
sumberdaya dalam maksud seperti penemuan dan identifikasi. Dia bisa
meliputi elemen semisal judul, abstrak, pengarang, dan kata kunci. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Metadata
deskriptif berisi informasi atau kata kunci yang menjelaskan resource dan
membantu Anda menemukan resource dalam suatu sistem. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Sebuah
katalog buku adalah contoh dari metadata deskriptif. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Katalog buku
umumnya berisi informasi seperti nomor buku, tema, judul, dan penulis yang
dapat Anda gunakan untuk mencari buku-buku tertentu di perpustakaan. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Metadata
deskriptif juga biasa digunakan untuk membuat halaman web. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Metadata
deskriptif pada halaman web akan berisi informasi seperti kata kunci,
deskripsi, set karakter, bahasa, dan bagaimana Anda ingin spider mesin pencari
mengindeks halaman web.</span></li>
</ol>
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<br /></div>
<ol start="2" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Metadata struktural</span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> menunjukkan bagaimana
kumpulan obyek disusun secara bersama-sama menjadi satu, semisal bagaimana
halaman-halaman ditata untuk membentuk suatu bab. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Metadata struktural menggambarkan
struktur obyek yang bisa terdiri atas tabel dan kolom dalam database, daftar
lagu pada CD, atau halaman dalam sebuah buku. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Metadata
strukrutal membantu pengguna mengeksplorasi resource menggunakan indeks dan
bahkan menggambarkan bagaimana beberapa objek berhubungan dengan yang lain,
seperti urutan file. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Metadata struktural
dapat mengandung informasi tambahan termasuk batas-batas logis, posisi dalam
memori, dan bahkan menjelaskan bagaimana dan mengapa sebuah objek digunakan.</span></li>
</ol>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<ol start="3" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Metadata administratif</span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> menyediakan informasi
untuk membantu mengelola sumberdaya, semisal terkait kapan dan bagaimana
suatu informasi diciptakan, tipe dokumen dan informasi teknis lainnya,
serta siapa yang bisa mengaksesnya.</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Metadata
administratif membantu pemakai mengelola resource dan menyediakan informasi
seperti jenis file, tanggal pembuatan, kontrol kualitas, dan frekuensi
penggunaan. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Jenis
metadata ini digunakan untuk merekam informasi jangka pendek dan jangka panjang
tentang kumpulan data. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif;">Sebagai
contoh, metadata administratif tentang monitor komputer akan berisi ukuran
monitor, model, resolusi, warna, cahaya, dan kebutuhan daya listrik.</span></li>
</ol>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Sumber:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><a href="http://bumbata.co/12844/mengenal-3-jenis-metadata/">http://bumbata.co/12844/mengenal-3-jenis-metadata/</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_hx8pHi6mquQMEQHtGnLkSo4VPDIt9wg0c4jeBcS6UfNc58jd4tHCZPrzTxVspirY6CzGiaZvV9tIUXp7pY1RSb5ImwHNngXvI7D-Sy2TPajUUa84FODOtSz05QH5xWANwiHsIMR4jYVw/s1600/jenis-metadata-150x150.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="color: black;"></span></a></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01956050610352054554noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129794618653031807.post-46824947701540769802013-01-05T04:46:00.001-08:002013-01-05T04:46:27.567-08:00Perbandingan Aplikasi Downloader: Orbit Downloader dengan Internet Download Manager<br />
<span style="background-color: white;"> <span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;">Sekarang saya akan membandingkan 2
aplikasi yang digunakan untuk membantu mendownload sebuah file di internet.
Yaitu Orbit Downloader dan IDM (Internet Download Manager). Aplikasi ini
memiliki fungsi sebagai fasilitas bantuan untuk user dalam melakukan download
sebuah file. Untuk itu saya akan menjelaskan perbandingan antara kedua aplikasi
ini. Dan masing masing software memiliki keunggulan tersendiri pada saat kita
menggunakannya.</span></span><br />
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">A. Pengenalan Aplikasi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1. Orbit
Downloader<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi00xaU4ohv7CJ-3DAamEK1kLtBSyyN6sQVugT9c2XRFgZ17x4uALWGmdBXimg6_JA1sb2EQS3FzVmM0vaxcyKS3QXHeraElZ6fQdCKQVR2XTCdufsRzJ5BsphK0Egh__S9dsmDE6fh9oN8/s1600/download.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi00xaU4ohv7CJ-3DAamEK1kLtBSyyN6sQVugT9c2XRFgZ17x4uALWGmdBXimg6_JA1sb2EQS3FzVmM0vaxcyKS3QXHeraElZ6fQdCKQVR2XTCdufsRzJ5BsphK0Egh__S9dsmDE6fh9oN8/s1600/download.jpg" /></span></a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Orbit downloader adalah program
aplikasi download yang banyak digunakan sebelum munculnya berbagai aplikasi
lain. Program ini berjalan berdasarkan keinginan user. Penggunaan bahasa yang
mudah dimengerti. Shortcut yang diberikan tidak berubah, namun user dapat
memilihnya secara custom. Dan juga memberikan pengaturan default, untuk
mengantisipasi kehilangan shortcut yang dipilih secara custom.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">2. Internet
Download Manager <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5NRYY8doHKh2VI07KJM_q_a23ayc-pnHYR7T6C9P8qdx9xtT3gtojq8ow_IuYPftUOhfh3jT62gvcCHVqaf_7lJx8CYA_oYIa2jROASZRPl_ek9mAbP-usDz3sjPURH5GsZcK5OvBN93y/s1600/download+(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5NRYY8doHKh2VI07KJM_q_a23ayc-pnHYR7T6C9P8qdx9xtT3gtojq8ow_IuYPftUOhfh3jT62gvcCHVqaf_7lJx8CYA_oYIa2jROASZRPl_ek9mAbP-usDz3sjPURH5GsZcK5OvBN93y/s1600/download+(1).jpg" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IDM (Internet Download Manager)
merupakan aplikasi download versi baru yang lebih mengutamakan kecepatan dalam
download file, serta koneksi internet yang selalu lancar sehingga tidak ada
gangguan terhadap user yang sedang menggunakan program aplikasi ini. Apabila
koneksi internet stabil, maka kecepatan akses dalam menggunakan program ini
tercatat selalu kostan dan berubah ketika ada komunikasi selanjutnya. Perubahan
ini disebabkan karena file yang didownload saling membutuhkan bandwidth untuk
mencapai finishing download.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Aksesibilitas
Download</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1. Orbit
Downloader<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUFT-NB_Qex8q_GQ_ZsQYsfOLXZierM7YgG2FrwDUskfZh5yBEtdvkxXLLrfc6Wy3ICPKJlXySYTQI4NfAAG9iioVyaCB-E7PlPtsF_DA1PxuhW4rN5kKYhCXPl-blebn_si6vxDDiEWyU/s1600/download+(5).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUFT-NB_Qex8q_GQ_ZsQYsfOLXZierM7YgG2FrwDUskfZh5yBEtdvkxXLLrfc6Wy3ICPKJlXySYTQI4NfAAG9iioVyaCB-E7PlPtsF_DA1PxuhW4rN5kKYhCXPl-blebn_si6vxDDiEWyU/s1600/download+(5).jpg" /></span></a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Orbit downloader ini adalah aplikasi
yang memiliki tampilan yang sederhana, tidak dipenuhi dengan banyaknya tools
tambahan yang ada didalam software. Tetapi aplikasi ini tidak menyediakan
tempat sebagai icon untuk melakukan download file tersebut dan user dapat
memulai dengan mengklik New pada aplikasi ini untuk membuat sebuah URL/Link untuk
download sebuah file. Dimana pada menu ini Orbit juga meminta tujuan
penyimpanan file download. Dan sebuah informasi besarnya kapasitas sebuah file
yang di download akan ada dibawah menu pembuatan link baru untuk download
sebuah file.<span style="color: red;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">2. Internet
Download Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixrNVy_x4azl-1CvWTokTQBVC0BAq8jnLR3DIxn5WuHSNY36znIZcIN5TEdq-ZFiyBnSayw4QpYIG1-yLTX_wUHEHCooNictUvdfFgNFazEBL0lytgeFDrI3T03c-zeSK07vkhulLJ4IVa/s1600/download+(2).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixrNVy_x4azl-1CvWTokTQBVC0BAq8jnLR3DIxn5WuHSNY36znIZcIN5TEdq-ZFiyBnSayw4QpYIG1-yLTX_wUHEHCooNictUvdfFgNFazEBL0lytgeFDrI3T03c-zeSK07vkhulLJ4IVa/s1600/download+(2).jpg" /></span></a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">IDM adalah aplikasi baru dalam software
download manager. Aplikasi ini akan aktif langsung ke browser, sehingga jika
ada file music, video yang berupa multimedia, aplikasi ini langsung menyediakan
tempat sebagai icon untuk melakukan download file video tersebut. IDM juga
menyediakan hal yang sama seperti Orbit Downloader namun tidak menampilkan
informasi besarnya kapasitas file yang di download pada awal input alamat link
downloadnya. Dan untuk penyimpanannya pun disimpan di tempat penyimpanan
default yang dibuat ketika proses instalasi program telah selesai dilakukan. Semua
informasi kecepatan akan ditampilkan pada saat proses download sudah
dijalankan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Kontrol
Download</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1. Orbit
Downloader<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPDtM8m5S3j4CrxjtfjhGvLt-urJk7t4XcLsFz6-e1-_-IJCAiJfQG35xNU2v6OefYVgCH6A3LayrBSsDkg4A5FXuUIzO9624tcNGOd9Nrceazbhyphenhyphen3Wmb8QEovH2qa598fO1508xJtIt38/s1600/download+%25284%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPDtM8m5S3j4CrxjtfjhGvLt-urJk7t4XcLsFz6-e1-_-IJCAiJfQG35xNU2v6OefYVgCH6A3LayrBSsDkg4A5FXuUIzO9624tcNGOd9Nrceazbhyphenhyphen3Wmb8QEovH2qa598fO1508xJtIt38/s1600/download+%25284%2529.jpg" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kontrol program telah disediakan
beberapa tools, yang dapat menginterupsi proses kerja dari aplikasi ini.
Misalnya: menghentikan sejenak proses download dengan pause, namun untuk meresume<i> </i>membutuhkan cek koneksi
ke server. Dan secara otomatis file yang didownload disimpan disebuah folder
yang diinginkan oleh user di media penyimpanan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiai61GVRJR3NlFlVfKALWxk5lBzIHc8DnL9-ZugzkbicU0UKer-iR4WrW-CStKBea6MKPd3bY1gbzoCLrX9rZFZjwUFotjlSUPw5SEqpTqDa4kt95zHG_QkW0PDBUPSZy0nd-zp1SwcBXl/s1600/download+%25283%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiai61GVRJR3NlFlVfKALWxk5lBzIHc8DnL9-ZugzkbicU0UKer-iR4WrW-CStKBea6MKPd3bY1gbzoCLrX9rZFZjwUFotjlSUPw5SEqpTqDa4kt95zHG_QkW0PDBUPSZy0nd-zp1SwcBXl/s1600/download+%25283%2529.jpg" /></span></a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">2. Internet
Download Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kontrol program jelas dan lengkap,
sehingga pilihan user akan langsung ditampilkan oleh aplikasi ini. Sama halnya
dengan aplikasi orbit downloader, yang juga menyediakan tempat penyimpanan file
hasil download di folder default yang disediakan aplikasi. Hal ini dapat
memudahkan user dalam mencari file yang telah di download di internet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Penanganan
Kesalahan Download</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1. Orbit
Downloader<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgswCgQVojmqkJDjzK6ouWc6KCM0JoaXKXnKUCQnrCdvHgF65w7v7GjxEIqVHQGwBQveLltWjbZ74MsWxGaB_shLRkhJg1-w_j9AxpK8CJ9yMYPlQSBu-ujUmSlIiXAgmHVV7r9SJbeF5y4/s1600/download+%25286%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgswCgQVojmqkJDjzK6ouWc6KCM0JoaXKXnKUCQnrCdvHgF65w7v7GjxEIqVHQGwBQveLltWjbZ74MsWxGaB_shLRkhJg1-w_j9AxpK8CJ9yMYPlQSBu-ujUmSlIiXAgmHVV7r9SJbeF5y4/s1600/download+%25286%2529.jpg" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Orbit menampilkan pesan kesalahan
ketika download yang sedang berjalan terputus dari koneksi internet. Karena
orbit menyimpan link download untuk sebuah file itu. Jika kita ingin meresume
file yang telah dipause maka akan dimulai ulang dari proses awal download.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNpuLBtuE3rUQ1ZtYtWLSYG3o1mJOKJp4ngqiE7xpHrTFRH6PrY1kEPlHJGGfWbudrHY6IngrnXMbdPjfax6e_gdSMtwB5IW5wd-wD9BPKZSW3O-KejMhFcd_o1tTkY7S9mrvokL5i-D5a/s1600/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNpuLBtuE3rUQ1ZtYtWLSYG3o1mJOKJp4ngqiE7xpHrTFRH6PrY1kEPlHJGGfWbudrHY6IngrnXMbdPjfax6e_gdSMtwB5IW5wd-wD9BPKZSW3O-KejMhFcd_o1tTkY7S9mrvokL5i-D5a/s1600/images.jpg" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.
Internet Download Manager<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ketika putusnya koneksi dengan
internet, IDM masih melanjutkan proses download, dan proses download itu
berhenti ditengah jalan. Karena IDM akan mencari koneksi internet sampai
download selesai, dan jika kita hentikan secara manual proses download dapat
kita lanjutkan ketika koneksi internet telah lancar dan aktif kembali. Jadi
file yang akan di download jelas disimpan pada Unfinishing di IDM Manager.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01956050610352054554noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129794618653031807.post-71412756122633517012013-01-05T04:30:00.002-08:002013-01-05T04:30:59.680-08:00Profesi di Dunia IT <br />
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<b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bidang Computer Hardware, Network dan System Engineering</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pendahuluan</span></b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Profesi-profesi dalam dunia IT baru muncul pada beberapa dekade belakangan ini
sejalan dengan berkembangnya komputer. Sampai sekarangpun di negeri kita masih
banyak orang yang belum mengetahui profesi programmer atau ahli jaringan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bidang IT adalah bidang pekerjaan yang penuh dengan abstraksi. Apa
yang dihasilkan tidak berbentuk barang tetapi berbentuk suatu jasa yang bisa
meningkatkan produktifitas bidang pekerjaan lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ilmu-ilmu bidang IT muncul dari perpaduan antara matematika dan
teknik elektro, karena banyak hal-hal yang bersifat matematis dan ada juga yang
bersifat elektronika didalamnya. Bagi yang pernah kuliah di jurusan yang
berhubungan dengan IT tentunya banyak berhadapan dengan matakuliah yang
berhubungan dengan matematika, algoritma dan sedikit elektronika. Tetapi
setelah bekerja, hal-hal bersifat logika dan algoritma akan lebih banyak
digunakan. Karena itu dalam semua jurusan komputer, teknik elektro /
telekomunikasi dan matematika, selalu ada matakuliah “Algoritma dan
Pemprograman”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ada orang yang mengatakan: “Adalah sebuat mitos, seorang yang ahli
dalam pemprograman harus ahli dalam matematika.” Mungkin ini ada benarnya
secara umum, tetapi ada kalanya keahlian dalam matematika terutama Aljabar
Linear memang diperlukan untuk membangun aplikasi tertentu seperti 3D CAD atau
aplikasi grafis lainnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">untuk menyederhanakannya, menurut saya bidang profesi IT dibagi
menjadi tiga bagian besar yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Computer
Engineering (rekayasa komputer)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Computer
System & Networking (sistem dan jaringan computer)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software
Development & Consulting (pengembangan & konsultansi piranti lunak)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ketiga bidang IT tersebut sengaja saya urutkan dari yang bersifat
“hard” ke yang lebih “soft”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Setiap profesi di dunia IT memiliki jenjang karir mulai dari fresh
graduate, junior, experienced, senior hingga expert. Saya akan membahas lebih
detail mengenai hal ini dalam tulisan yang berjudul: “Jenjang karir dalam dunia
IT”. Dalam tulisan ini hanya akan dibahas macam-macam jenis profesi di dunia IT
dan ciri-cirinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bidang
Computer Engineering<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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Bidang ini adalah yang paling bersifat konkrit karena tujuan akhirnya adalah
menghasilkan produk yaitu sebuah Komputer atau sebuah peripheral. Computer
engineering berkaitan dengan desain, pengembangan dan testing hardware komputer
/ peripheral dari mulai teknologi semikonduktor, mikroprosesor, circuit,
interfacing hingga pengembangan embedded software dalam sebuah mikrokontroler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Saya tidak akan banyak bercerita mengenai bidang ini karena banyak
profesi-profesi di luar dunia IT yang terkait ke bidang ini seperti fisika,
fabrikasi semikonduktor, mikroelektronika, elektronika dll.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hardware Engineer<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgofImWPo-Hh4z1-CHVzgiyNoL0_smQb7k782XcrTsNGxMct-YFDdP-obDrfnfheu9HvTigVX-B-7nrxWQYjWdDIn8Fd2tsytvRIcI7B9geQ-f86D1O658bJvDZFDfBAucy-VU-s_C0uP1A/s1600/1.+Hardware+Engineer.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgofImWPo-Hh4z1-CHVzgiyNoL0_smQb7k782XcrTsNGxMct-YFDdP-obDrfnfheu9HvTigVX-B-7nrxWQYjWdDIn8Fd2tsytvRIcI7B9geQ-f86D1O658bJvDZFDfBAucy-VU-s_C0uP1A/s320/1.+Hardware+Engineer.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sebagian besar profesi yang berkaitan dengan computer engineering
tidak banyak terdapat di Indonesia karena tenaga ahli di bidang ini banyak
dipekerjakan di industri <i>mikroprosesor</i>
dan <i>integrated circuit</i> yang
melibatkan proses pabrikasi <i>mikroelektronika</i>
dan desain arsitektur mikroprosesor yang saat ini belum ada di Indonesia.
Kalaupun ada hanya pada proses assembling / perakitan dan bukan desain serta
pengembangannya.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Profesi yang ada di negeri kita umumnya berkaitan dengan rancang
bangun <i>interfacing</i> dan <i>mikrokontroler.</i> Mereka yang mengambil
jurusan teknik komputer selama kuliah dapat menekuni bidang ini. Profesi ini
biasa disebut “hardware engineer”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Profesi hardware engineer sering kali “<i>overlapping</i>” dengan teknik elektro terutama dengan profesi electronics
engineer dan control automation engineer. Di dunia kerja akan lebih banyak
ditemukan tenaga-tenaga ahli yang berlatar belakang teknik elektro dibandingkan
dengan teknik komputer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sebenarnya lingkup kerja masing-masing bidang sudah ditentukan.
hardware engineer yang berlatar belakang teknik komputer tugasnya cenderung
berhubungan dengan desain dan optimasi arsitektur komputer atau mikroprosesor
atau mikrokontroler pada khususnya. Contohnya adalah bagaimana membuat
instruction set yang optimal, berapa jumlah pipeline yang dibutuhkan,
registers, optimasi bus dalam mikroprosesor dll. Bidang teknik elektronika
bertugas merancang divais mikroelektronika (transistor), VLSI, optimasi dalam pabrikasi
semikonduktor, optimasi konektifitas antar komponen dan kehandalan komponen
mikroprosesor atau mikrokontroler yang diproduksi. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hardware Engineer Tugas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mendesain
dan membangun interface antara komputer dengan peralatan-peralatan lain<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membangun
software yang mengontrol interface (biasanya menggunakan bahasa C)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mendesain
dan membangun solusi menggunakan embedded sistem / mikrokontroler<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membangun
software untuk menjalankan mikrokontroler (biasanya menggunakan bahasa
assembly)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Testing
hardware.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
rangkaian elektronika dan rancang bangun rangkaian digital serta komponennya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Meguasai
arsitektur komputer dan cara kerja mikroprosesor / mikrokontroler<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Meguasai
rancang bangun computer interfacing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
algoritma dan pemprograman<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
bahasa pemprograman Assembly dan atau C/C++<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai prinsip
kerja komunikasi data baik secara parallel, serial (COM/USB), Wireles serta
teknik pemprogramannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Teknik komputer, Teknik elektro (pemusatan studi komputer)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bidang
Computer System & Networking<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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Bidang ini berkaitan dengan desain, implementasi dan pemeliharaan infrastruktur
jaringan computer baik LAN maupun WAN, teknologi server hingga optimasi serta
administrasi sistem komputer. Berikut ini adalah profesi-profesi yang
berkaitan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">System Support / Technical Support<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQzBy77q1oynKSYSsRT-JKBmIbxq7NNp_KN6a-JbAX4ZTnnWtJO-TNyN0A8x2PwPluxEjTIYvnIw7awTHSOYGIP0OPMbrHxcuWpGhu_jW93MAbdMwJcORsR3GdC8ZqbdzQjbFamvcH4KtO/s1600/2.+System+Support.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQzBy77q1oynKSYSsRT-JKBmIbxq7NNp_KN6a-JbAX4ZTnnWtJO-TNyN0A8x2PwPluxEjTIYvnIw7awTHSOYGIP0OPMbrHxcuWpGhu_jW93MAbdMwJcORsR3GdC8ZqbdzQjbFamvcH4KtO/s320/2.+System+Support.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dari namanya:
“system support atau technical support”, dapat kita pahami bahwa pekerjaan sehari-harinya
adalah men-support/ maintain/ memelihara sistem komputer berupa hardware atau
software yang sudah berjalan. Para profesional di bidang ini diperlukan untuk
memberikan dukungan teknis terhadap produk berupa software atau hardware yang
telah atau akan diimplementasikan. Selain itu, seorang sistem support/
technical support harus dapat melakukan <i>troubleshooting</i>
bila terjadi gangguan terhadap sistem. Kalau pembaca pernah mendengar profesi “<i>helpdesk engineer</i>”, Profesi tersebut
dapat digolongkan sebagai system support / technical support.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Salah satu hal yang perlu di perhatikan adalah, kadang kala
seorang system support harus bekerja secara shift pagi dan malam untuk me-maintain
sistem yang harus berjalan 24 jam sehari dan 7 hari seminggu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">System Support Memonitor Sistem<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tugas System Support / Technical Support:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memelihara
dan memastikan sistem yang ada berjalan dengan baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Instalasi
sistem baik hardware maupun software<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Troubleshooting
dan perbaikan system<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memberikan
pelatihan ke para pengguna sistem<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
instalasi & setting komputer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
konsep dasar networking dan troubleshooting-nya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
insalasi & troubleshooting hardware / software tertentu (tergantung apa
yang di-support)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Teknik komputer, Teknik elektro (pemusatan studi komputer)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Network Engineer<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8UmuXhHBJcF4Zdsyoiosha667tQkNF9HgYLGwsoYw8roP3EOMXPsWYTPsSqQRbt7hUySMCin09dpMRRzpmwwwxBc1569kbkYNoYr5MJ7tg5VpELfXfOfb-Y-af3-PUmvJfwMICvDz1fav/s1600/3.+Network+Engineer.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8UmuXhHBJcF4Zdsyoiosha667tQkNF9HgYLGwsoYw8roP3EOMXPsWYTPsSqQRbt7hUySMCin09dpMRRzpmwwwxBc1569kbkYNoYr5MJ7tg5VpELfXfOfb-Y-af3-PUmvJfwMICvDz1fav/s1600/3.+Network+Engineer.png" /></a><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Profesi network engineer adalah salah satu profesi yang cukup diminati karena
salah satu profesi IT dengan panghasilan yang lumayan. Jenjang karir profesi
ini cukup jelas dan umumnya IT management dijabat oleh orang-orang yang
berlatar belakang profesi ini. Profesional di bidang ini umumnya memegang
sertifikat </span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Sans Unicode"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">CCNA, CCNP ataupun CCIE.</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Dengan memegang sertifikat ini, skill mereka dapat diakui secara
internasional dan lebih memudahkan dalam memperoleh pekerjaan di berbagai negera.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Network engineer biasanya dipekerjakan di provider-provider
jaringan atau perusahaan multinasional dan atau yang berskala enterprise. Perusahaan-perusahaan
tersebut membutuhkan interkoneksi data antar cabang di kota-kota yang jauh atau
negara lain. Untuk itu diperlukan interkoneksi jaringan melalui WAN (Wide Area
Network) dan konfigurasi LAN yang sesuai di kantor pusat dan kantor cabang.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tugas Network Engineer:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mendesain
dan membangun infrastruktur jaringan baik LAN maupun WAN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memberikan
solusi terbaik dalam hal infrastruktur jaringan baik dalam hal peralatan yang
digunakan, efisiensi, reliability, security dan aspek-aspek lain yang terkait<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memastikan
suatu infrastruktur jaringan computer dapat berfungsi dengan baik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
konsep dasar mengenai jaringan seperti topologi, protokol-protokol komunikasi,
standar-standar networking, media komunikasi data dan keamanan jaringan baik
LAN maupun WAN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
konsep dan desain infrastruktur jaringan dan troubleshooting-nya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
desain, instalasi dan terminasi media jaringan seperti kabel tembaga/UTP, fiber
optic, Wireless communication dll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
setting, pemanfaatan dan troubleshooting perangkat jaringan seperti router,
switch, firewall, proxy, modem dll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
instalasi dan setting PC dan server yang bisa digunakan dalam infrastruktur
jaringan seperti domain controller, proxy, filrewall, mailserver dll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
secara teknis dan praktis mengenai keamanan jaringan / sistem<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Teknik komputer, Teknik elektro (pemusatan studi komputer atau
telekomunikasi)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">System Engineer / Administrator<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Profesi System Engineer / System Administrator adalah profesi yang
mirip dengan network engineer tetapi dituntut memiliki pengetahuan lebih detail
dalam hal desain dan administrasi server-server yang ada di suatu jaringan
internal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVhQGtP0g_KQj58HqvcWzyqtme6utlXmmHvnrnGdctzNiRmXMYTGfsvvXFMZ8kXuZXqpYKI8Hc9f8-1yHtkMM1q9OfZJ8CAaTPIFUc_hW9_yrw5ovUHAigrycYOAUozfsTiKeubNL64kb6/s1600/4.+System+Engineer.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVhQGtP0g_KQj58HqvcWzyqtme6utlXmmHvnrnGdctzNiRmXMYTGfsvvXFMZ8kXuZXqpYKI8Hc9f8-1yHtkMM1q9OfZJ8CAaTPIFUc_hW9_yrw5ovUHAigrycYOAUozfsTiKeubNL64kb6/s320/4.+System+Engineer.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Seseorang dengan posisi ini akan diserahi tanggung jawab untuk
memastikan system (hardware, software dan jaringan komputer) di suatu
perusahaan berjalan desuai harapan dan memegang kunci pasword utama jaringan
internal perusahaan (Administrator). Serifikasi untuk profesi ini contohnya adalah
</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Sans Unicode"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">MCSE</span><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> untuk
platform Microsoft Windows.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">System Engineer di Ruang Server<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tugas System Engineer / Administrator:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mendesain
dan membangun sistem dan jaringan komputer terutama dalam hal teknologi server
dan konektifitasnya baik LAN maupun WAN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memberikan
solusi terbaik dalam hal pemilihan dan teknologi server dan software yang
digunakan dalam hal efisiensi, reliability, security dan aspek-aspek lain yang
terkait<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memastikan/memaintain
suatu jaringan internal (baik LAN maupun WAN) dapat berfungsi dengan baik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
konsep dan desain infrastruktur jaringan dan troubleshooting-nya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mamahami
setting dan instalasi tentang perangkat aktif jaringan seperti router, switch,
hub, firewall dll.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
secara mendalam salah satu atau beberapa platform / network operating system
untuk membangun suatu domain yang aman dan terintegrasi, contohnya seperti
“Active Directory” untuk platform windows.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
secara mendalam tentang instalasi, setting dan troubleshooting PC dan server
yang bisa digunakan dalam infrastruktur jaringan seperti domain controller,
proxy, filrewall, mailserver, DNS dll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
secara teknis dan praktis mengenai keamanan jaringan / system<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Teknik komputer, Teknik elektro (pemusatan studi komputer atau
telekomunikasi).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">IT Specialist<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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IT Specialist umumnya dipekerjakan di perusahaan-perusahaan yang core bisnisnya
bukan IT. Tugas utamanya adalah merekomendasikan solusi IT terbaik untuk
meningkatkan efisiensi dan performa bisnis perusahaan baik dalam hal hardware,
jaringan maupun software. Kalau anda merasa pekerjaan ini mirip konsultan IT,
memang benar, IT specialist bekerja sebagai konsultan IT tetapi lebih cenderung
kearah hardware dan jaringan, walaupun pengetahuan tentang software aplikasi
server seperti operating system, mail server, proxy, anti virus server,
firewall, enterprise portal dll sangat diperlukan dalam mendukung
tugas-tugasnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Seorang IT specialist harus menguasi bidang IT secara luas baik
networking maupun software hingga implementasinya yang “masuk akal”, karena
perusahaan yang belum pernah menerapkan IT secara terintegrasi kadangkala perlu
mengadakan beberapa perubahan dalam manajemennya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Untuk mengurangi perubahan dan sistem dapat bermanfaat secara
optimal, seorang IT specialist harus memberikan solusi yang benar-benar dapat
diterapkan dan ada gunanya serta dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut untuk
mengikuti perkembangan zaman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tugas IT Specialist: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mendesain
dan membangun sistem komputerisasi terutama dalam hal implementasi software, hardware
dan jaringan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memberikan
solusi terbaik dalam hal pemilihan dan implementasi teknologi baik hardware
maupun software.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
konsep dan desain infrastruktur jaringan dan troubleshooting-nya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
network operating system dan aplikasi-aplikasi yang dapat diimplementasikan
dalam organisasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memiliki
pengetahuan yang luas mengenai software, hardware dan jaringan komputer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
secara teknis dan praktis mengenai keamanan jaringan / system<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Teknik komputer, Teknik elektro (pemusatan studi komputer atau
telekomunikasi), Manajemen Informatika<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Jika diperhatikan benar-benar, ada suatu ciri yang umum dalam
profesi bidang “Computer System & Networking”, yaitu mengenai skill dalam
pemprograman. Memang keahlian memprogram ini tidak diperlukan secara langsung
dalam tugas-tugas rutin seorang network engineer atau sysadmin, tetapi ada
beberapa hal yang sifatnya mirip dengan pemprograman seperti setting router,
server / client script, batch file dan konfigurasi lainnya. Tetapi bila seorang
Sysadmin memiliki kemampuan programming, tentunya ini akan menjadi nilai tambah
dalam pekerjaannya. Banyak orang-orang yang dahulunya bekerja di bidang
networking memiliki kemampuan programming yang cukup mumpuni hingga mampu mengarang
buku tentang software development dengan bahasa pemprograman tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Bidang Software Development dan Consulting</span></b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software development adalah bidang yang paling abstrak di dunia
IT. Output yang dihasilkan hanya dapat dirasakan oleh user berupa informasi
yang dapat mengoptimalkan berbagai macam pekerjaan. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Apapun jenis software yang dibangun, para pekerja di bidang ini
dituntut memiliki logika dan ingatan yang kuat. Kemampuan untuk melihat suatu
hal secara garis besar, menyeluruh dan juga secara detail hingga sekecil-kecilnya.
Selain itu yang paling penting untuk sukses di bidang ini adalah ketekunan
untuk belajar dan terus mengembangkan kemampuannya, karena bidang ini secara
tetap akan terus berubah (<i>constantly
changing</i>) dan berkembang seiring dengan perubahan zaman.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dalam waktu 5 tahun, keahlian di salah satu teknologi tertentu
dapat dianggap ketinggalan zaman (obsolete). Contohnya VB6 yang sangat populer
di tahun 1998 support-nya sudah dihentikan di tahun 2008. Berarti aplikasi yang
ditulis menggunakan teknologi ini tidak dijamin kompatibilitasnya dengan sistem
operasi yang di-release setelah tahun 2008. Mau tidak mau sebagian besar
programmer VB6 harus migrasi ke VB.Net dan “patuh” dengan aturan-aturan .Net
Framework<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Berikut ini akan dibahas satu-persatu profesi-profesi di bidang
software development / consulting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Programmer/Developer<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Profesional dalam bidang software development dan consulting
umumnya pernah meniti karir sebagai seorang programmer. Keahlian dalam
algoritma dan penguasaan terhadap salah satu atau beberapa bahasa memprograman
mutlak diperlukan oleh seorang programmer. Programer adalah profesi inti dan
tulang punggung dalam software development karena tidak akan terwujud sebuah
software aplikasi tanpa adanya programmer, sedangkan tanpa didukung profesi
lainnya, seorang programmer dapat membuat sebuah aplikasi yang berguna walaupun
dengan cakupan terbatas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Berdasarkan jenis programming dan output yang dihasilkan,
programmer sendiri ada beberapa macam yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal;">
</span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hardware Programmer<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hardware programmer sebenarnya adalah bagian dari hardware
engineer. Sesuai namanya, mereka melakukan programming secara low level
terhadap hardware, misalnya mikrokontroler, embeded sistem, PLC atau device
lainnya. Pada awal diciptakannya komputer, programmer jenis ini lebih dominan
karena cara memprogram komputer waktu itu mirip dengan cara memprogram
mikrokontroller saat ini. Bahasa yang digunakan dulunya adalah bahasa mesin
tetapi saat ini cenderung digunakan bahasa assembly dan C.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><i style="text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal;">
</span></span></i><i style="text-indent: -0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">System Programmer</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">System programmer menggunakan low level dan medium level language.
Biasanya mereka dipekerjakan dalam pengembangan sistem operasi dan modul-modul
pendukungnya. Para pengembangan driver untuk periferal dan programming dalam
SIM/UIM card juga digolongkan ke programmer jenis ini. Perbedaan system
programmer dengan hardware programmer adalah: System programmer bekerja pada
tahap pengembangan suatu platform / sistem operasi atau yang terkait erat
dengannya untuk dijadikan sebagai landasan (platform) bagi pengembangan
selanjutnya, sedangkan hardware programmer bekerja pada tahap implementasi
suatu produk agar sesuai dengan requirement end user. Programmer jenis ini
biasa menggunakan bahasa Assembly, C/C++ dan kemungkinan C# dikemudian hari
bila sistem operasi yang menggunakan managed code (.Net) benar-benar
diluncurkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal;">
</span></span></i><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Application Programmer<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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Profesi “Application Developer”, “Software Developer”, “Web Developer”,
“Enterprise Developer” atau “Developer” saja, profesi-profesi tersebut
tergolong sebagai Application programmer. Programmer jenis inilah yang paling
banyak dan populer di dunia kerja terutama di Indonesia.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mungkin anda pernah berpikir, apa perbedaan istilah “<i>application</i>” dengan “<i>software</i>”. Singkatnya, dalam dunia IT,
yang disebut application sudah pasti adalah sebuah software, sedangkan software
belum tentu sebuah application. Software yang bukan termasuk aplikasi contohnya
adalah <i>operating system</i>, <i>device driver</i>, <i>protocol</i>. Sedangkan yang dikenal sebagai aplikasi adalah software
seperti office suite, image editor, games, sistem informasi retail/swalayan,
sistem informasi pendidikan, sistem informasi hotel/retaurant, sistem informasi
manajeman gudang, sistem informasi logistik, ERP (Enterprise Resource
Planning), SCM (Suply Chain Managemant), CRM (Customer Relationship Managemant)
, sistem bank, sistem airline dan masih banyak lainnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dalam pekerjaannya, application programmer menggunakan high level
language seperti Java, C#, Visual Basic (VB), VB.Net, Delphi, PHP dll. Dengan
menggunakan high level language, proses pengembangan akan lebih mudah dan lebih
cepat. Hal ini sesuai dengan tuntutan kebutuhan customer yang terus berkembang
dengan cepat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dalam hal cakupan keahlian yang dibutuhkan, secara kasar jenis
aplikasi dapat dibagi menjadi:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Desktop Application</span></i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (aplikasi yang berwujud Windows Form, WPF, XWindows atau
jenis GUI lainnya yang berjalan di O/S masing-masing)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Web Applicatio</span></i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">n (aplikasi yang user interface-nya berwujud HTML dan diakses
dengan web browser, biasa dikembangkan dengan framework PHP, ASP.Net, Java,
Spring, Ruby on Rails dll )<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Database Application</span></i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (aplikasi yang memerlukan akses ke database menggunakan
teknologi seperti ADO.Net, OLEDB, ODBC, JDBC, ORM, Hibernate dll)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Distributed Application</span></i><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (aplikasi terdistribusi/server service seperti Web Service,
J2EE, WCF, COM+ dll)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Seorang application programmer harus memiliki keahlian di beberapa
jenis aplikasi untuk dapat menghasilkan aplikasi yang berguna. Contohnya: Web
programmer harus memiliki kemampuan dalam web application dan database
application untuk dapat menggunakan database sebagai penyimpanan data. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Tugas Programmer/Developer:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membangun/mengembangkan
software terutama pada tahap construction dengan melakukan coding dengan bahasa
pemprograman yang ditentukan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mengimplementasikan
requiremant dan desain proses bisnis ke komputer dengan menggunakan algoritma
/logika dan bahasa pemprograman<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Melakukan
testing terhadap software bila diperlukan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
Algoritma dan logika pemprograman (ini penting sekali)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
metode, best practice dan tool/pemodelan pemprograman seperti OOP, design pattern,
UML (kemampuan membaca dan menerapkan)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
salah satu atau beberapa bahasa pemprograman populer seperti C++, VB, PHP, C#,
Java, Ruby dll (untuk web developer perlu juga menguasai HTML, DHTML, CSS,
JavaScript dan AJAX)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
RDBMS dan SQL (Structured Query Language)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
bahasa Inggris (hal ini sangat penting saat ini karena bahasa en-US merupakan
bahasa ibu di dunia IT)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ilmu Komputer, Teknik Informatika, Manajemen Informatika,
Matematika pemusatan studi Komputasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">System
Analyst<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Terkadang seorang programmer biasanya terlalu berkutat dengan coding, algoritma
dan hal-hal yang technical sehingga kadang mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami
proses bisnis menyeluruh yang umumnya terjadi di organisasi/perusahaan
tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcGTv5C3vvWn3r2uizhSsRujmMm86FWhhyf9mnw0DsUyvQ08MsW2VKJPfOcTh6zRMguvVFM6WwpwWWDuv04eZ6W19E1fsiomVgdiuz2jfpmAp22ZWp4tZeZ_geSBO3TrNb6iL7iheyupGQ/s1600/9.+System+Analist.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcGTv5C3vvWn3r2uizhSsRujmMm86FWhhyf9mnw0DsUyvQ08MsW2VKJPfOcTh6zRMguvVFM6WwpwWWDuv04eZ6W19E1fsiomVgdiuz2jfpmAp22ZWp4tZeZ_geSBO3TrNb6iL7iheyupGQ/s320/9.+System+Analist.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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o:spid="_x0000_s1032" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.computertrainingschools.com/imagesvr_ce/1630/systems-analyst.jpg"
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Untuk menjembatani celah ini, maka diperlukan seorang “System
Analyst”. Seorang system analyst di satu sisi diharuskan memiliki keahlian
dalam menganalisis proses bisnis (problem domain) untuk menghasilkan sebuah SRS
<i>(Software Requiremant Spesification)</i>
dan di sisi lain menguasai aspek technical dan implementasinya dalam software
aplikasi (solution domain) untuk dapat menghasilkan DDD (<i>Detailed Design Document</i>). System analyst bekerja pada tahap
requirement dan design, walaupun juga diperlukan untuk menyeberang dari tahap
requirement dan design ke tahap construction/implementaion (<i>coding/programming</i>). Tentunya ini wajar
karena biasanya seorang system analyst dahulunya juga seorang programmer.
Tetapi seorang yang benar-benar diposisikan sebagai system analyst, tugas
utamanya adalah membuat requirement dan desain software.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">catatan:<br />
Kita sering mendengar istilah <b>Programmer
Analyst atau Analyst Programmer</b>. Kedua profesi ini terdengar mirip, hanya
saja dominasi pekerjaannya yang lebih ditekankan untuk diletakkan di depan
istilah tersebut. Programmer Analyst adalah seorang programmer yang kadang kala
bekerja sebagai system analyst tetapi dengan porsi yang lebih sedikit daripada
sebagai programmer. Begitu pula sebaliknya untuk Analyst Programmer. Saya tidak
bisa memastikan apakah penggunaan istilah itu benar secara bahasa tetapi
profesi/posisi semacam itu memang ada di dunia kerja dan dicantumkan dalam
iklan lowongan pekerjaan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">System Analyst Tugas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membangun/mengembangkan
software terutama pada tahap requirement, design dan sebagian dalam tahap
construction/implementation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membuat
dokumen requiremant dan desain software berdasarkan proses bisnis
customer/client<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membuat
proposal dan mempresentasikannya di hadapan stake holder / customer / client<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membuat
desain database bila aplikasi yang akan di bangun memerlukan database<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membangun/mengembangkan
framework/library untuk digunakan dalam pengembangan software oleh programmer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
hal-hal yang dikuasai programmer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
metode, best practice pemprograman dan tool/pemodelan pemprograman seperti OOP,
design pattern, UML (kemampuan membangun/mendesain)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
SQL,ERD dan RDBMS secara lebih mendalam<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
tentang arsitektur aplikasi dan teknologi terkini<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ilmu Komputer, Teknik Informatika, Manajemen Informatika,
Matematika pemusatan studi Komputasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software
Quality Assurance Engineer<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br />
Software Quality Assurance (SQA) engineer mungkin agak jarang terdengar di
dunia kerja. Salah satu tugas SQA engineer memang melakukan testing terhadap
software, tetapi bukan itu saja sebenarnya pekerjaan profesi ini.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dalam perusahaan software development yang cukup mapan dan telah
menangani banyak proyek besar, SQA engineer sangat diperlukan terutama untuk
menghasilkan software yang berkualitas. Tugas SQA engineer diantaranya adalah
melakukan “quality assurance” (QA) dan “quality check” (QC) terhadap software.
Pengembangan software harus sesuai dengan prosedur standar yang telah
ditetapkan (QA) dan harus melalui proses testing (QC) yang sesuai. Di sinilah
tugas SQA engineer untuk memonitor proses software development dan memperbaiki
standar yang ada (improve) bila masih memiliki kelemahan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software Quality Assurance Engineer Tugas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memonitor
jalannya proyek software development apakah sudah sesuai dengan standar dan
prosedur yang ada<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Merancang
dan membuat test case / skenario software testing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Melakukan
testing sesuai dengan test case / skenario<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Merumuskan
dan merancang peningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas standar proses yang
digunakan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan software testing (test plan, test case, testing
automation, functionality testing, regression testing dll)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
tentang perinsip kerja software sesuai dengan platformnya masing-masing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
tentang SDLC dan metodologi software development seperti RUP, Agile, XP, Scrum
dll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
standarisasi seperti CMMI<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
penulisan dokumen dan komunikasi verbal dengan baik (dalam bahasa Inggris dan
Indonesia)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<br />
Ilmu Komputer, Teknik Informatika, Manajemen Informatika<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software
Engineer<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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Profesi software engineer sebenarnya ada kemiripannya dengan profesi
programmer, system analyst ataupun SQA engineer. Yang membedakannya adalah
software engineer memerlukan keahlian lebih mendalam dalam hal SDLC (<i>Software Development Life Cycle</i>) yaitu
seluruh proses yang harus dijalani dalam pengembangan software. Pada level
tertentu, seorang software engineer juga harus menguasai manajeman proyek
software development. Salah satu standar SDLC yang umum digunakan dalam
software engineering adalah SWEBOK (<i>Software
Engineering Body of Knowledge</i>).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kemampuan untuk menguasai seluruh disiplin dalam SDLC tidak
membuat software engineer selalu lebih unggul daripada programmer, system
analyst atau SQA engineer. Pada tingkatan yang sama, misalnya pengalaman kerja
5 tahun, seorang sistem analyst tentunya lebih ahli dalam menangkap requirement
dan bisnis proses serta membuat proposal. Seorang programmer tentunya lebih
menguasai secara mendalam bahasa pemprograman dan IDE (<i>Integrated Development Environment</i>) tools serta trik-trik tertentu
dalam bahasa pemprograman. Seorang SQA engineer lebih menguasai software
testing dan quality assurance. Diluar hal itu, semuanya bergantung pada pribadi
masing-masing dalam mengembangkan keahliannya di profesi apapun.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software Engineer Tugas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Melakukan
tugas-tugas programmer, system analyst dan sebagian tugas SQA engineer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Merekomendasikan
dan menerapkan metodologi terbaik dalam sebuah proyek software development<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
hal-hal yang dikuasai programmer, system analyst dan SQA engineer (dalam porsi
yang lebih sedikit)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
SDLC berdasarkan SWEBOK (requirement, design, implementation/construction,
testing, maintenance)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
metodologi software development seperti RUP, Agile, XP, Scrum dll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ilmu Komputer, Teknik Informatika, Manajemen Informatika,
Matematika pemusatan studi Komputasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Database
Administrator (DBA)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<i>Profesi Database Administrator</i> (DBA)
terkait erat dengan programmer dan system analyst. Seorang DBA biasanya pernah
menjadi seorang programmer tetapi pekerjaannya lebih sering berkaitan dengan
database. Perbedaannya dengan database application programmer adalah seorang
DBA memiliki keahlian lebih mendalam dalam hal desain, optimasi dan manajemen
RDBMS (<i>Relational Database Managemant
System</i>) tertentu seperti Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL dll. Tentunya penguasaan
terhadap SQL (<i>Structured Query Language</i>)
mutlak diperlukan. DBA harus memiliki keahlian menterjemahkan requirement
proses bisnis ke obyek-obyek dalam database seperti tabel, query\view dan
stored procedure disamping keahliannya dalam optimasi database seperti tuning,
indexing, clustering, backup data, maintain high availability dan sebagainya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dengan semakin berkembangnya berbagai teknologi ORM (object
relational mapping), maka di kemudian hari pekerjaan programmer dan DBA akan
semakin dapat dipisahkan. Bila di masa lalu banyak programmer yang merangkap
sebagai DBA, di masa depan bisa jadi programmer semakin jarang menggunakan SQL
karena semuanya sudah ditangani oleh komponen ORM. Di sinilah perbedaan bidang
keahlian seorang DBA menjadi lebih terlihat dibandingkan dengan seorang
programmer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Database Administrator Tugas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Merancang
dan membangun database dalam sebuah sistem<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Merekomendasikan
solusi terbaik dalam implementasi database baik dalam hal software maupun
hardware<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memaintain
database agar dapat berjalan dengan baik dan optimal<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
ERD, SQL dan desain database secara mendalam<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
berbagai teknik optimalisasi/tuning, backup dan maintain database<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
secara mendalam salah satu atau lebih RDBMS beserta tools yang ada.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
tentang salah satu platform/bahasa pemprograman untuk mengakses database<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
teknologi server, storage, operating system yang berkaitan dengan implementasi
database<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Manajemen Informatika, Teknik Informatika, Ilmu Komputer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software
Architect<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software architect atau kadang disebut juga sebagai Technical
Architect biasanya bekerja di perusahaan software development yang memiliki
produk-produk software yang cukup besar dan kompleks. software architect
bertugas untuk mendesain dan merekomendasikan secara technical mengenai
bagaimana dan apa yang diperlukan dalam mengembangkan produk software tersebut.
Profesional di bidang ini biasanya pernah meniti karir sebagai programmer,
software engineer atau system analyst.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Seorang architect dituntut untuk menguasai software technology
secara lebih mendalam. Kemampuannya dalam hal technical sangat diperlukan dalam
proyek-proyek software development berskala besar dan kompleks, dimana
keputusan dalam pemilihan teknologi yang paling tepat dan penguasaanya sangat
menentukan kesuksesan proyek. Keahlian utama seorang software architect adalah
dalam bidang software design dan software development technology.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software Architect Tugas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Merekomendasikan
teknologi yang paling cocok untuk mengembangkan produk software<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membuat
standar-standar software development yang akan digunakan oleh tim programmer /
developer seperti coding standard, arsitektur, design pattern dll.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membuat
rancangan/desain software dan proses pengembangannya secara keseluruhan,
terutama dalam hal framework dan library yang digunakan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
hal-hal teknis yang dikuasai programmer, system analyst dan software engineer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
secara mendalam tentang software development technology dan software design<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
penulisan dokumen dengan baik (dalam bahasa Inggris dan Indonesia)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Teknik Informatika, Ilmu Komputer, Manajemen Informatika<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software
Implementer<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgte4bRkfJg3JD6h6_jd8GGCqwmjWyzbvqotELT-HcEAn-nf3ZU13jhpaUThbGX7rIxSe6174dxxZWFkqySePDXK58QX9SicSrOlqAQYVpu1OsCTKco0tEjapnXv3itv4ZAS6tD2Wc35jTA/s1600/13.+Software+Implementer.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgte4bRkfJg3JD6h6_jd8GGCqwmjWyzbvqotELT-HcEAn-nf3ZU13jhpaUThbGX7rIxSe6174dxxZWFkqySePDXK58QX9SicSrOlqAQYVpu1OsCTKco0tEjapnXv3itv4ZAS6tD2Wc35jTA/s320/13.+Software+Implementer.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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Software implementer kadang desebut sebagai “Implementer” atau “Software
Support”. Profesi ini kedengarannya mirip dengan “System Support” di dunia Computer
System & Networking (lihat di “Profesi di dunia IT Bagian 1″). Memang
secara pekerjaan ada kemiripan, tetapi sesuai penamaannya, dalam hal sesuatu
yang disupport tentu sudah terlihat perbedaannya. Profesi software implementer
tidak tergolong dalam bidang software development melainkan lebih dekat ke
bidang software consulting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Seorang software implementer/support bertugas men-support produk
software yang akan diimplementasikan di sisi client/customer baik instalasi
setting konfigurasi, modifikasi dan pelatihan untuk user-usernya. Umumnya
software support tidak berurusan dengan masalah hardware/jaringan melainkan
lebih ke produk software yang di support. seorang software implementer/support
dibutuhkan dalam implementasi software yang cukup besar dan kompleks seperti
software perbankan, asuransi, airline.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Software Implementer / Support Tugas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Melakukan
instalasi/implementasi serta setting produk software di sisi client/customer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memelihara
dan memastikan software yang sudah diimplementasikan berjalan dengan baik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Melakuakan
troubleshooting terhadap produk software<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memberikan
pelatihan (training) kepada para pengguna software<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
secara mendalam produk software yang akan diimplementasikan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
teknologi platform / sistem poperasi/ middleware (bila ada) yang dibutuhkan
oleh produk software yang disupport<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
insalasi, setting & troubleshooting produk software yang diimplementasikan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Manajemen Informatika, Teknik Informatika, Ilmu Komputer, Teknik Komputer,
Teknik Elektro (Pemusatan Studi Komputer).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Technical
Consultant<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheWNcUI4RuQagG0_idYnPYQcxfrzwkZo1fEQ15Cy2vKRFznDiNqRth8kdSyCHlcoAOFcReFLrDg4Z5LiEe1RX4-I4blIt9udsMWRMRi1qnqHg-lQNfKUGPtIzu7MvN8fnu8bp4pE8p0ftP/s1600/14.+Technical+Consultant.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheWNcUI4RuQagG0_idYnPYQcxfrzwkZo1fEQ15Cy2vKRFznDiNqRth8kdSyCHlcoAOFcReFLrDg4Z5LiEe1RX4-I4blIt9udsMWRMRi1qnqHg-lQNfKUGPtIzu7MvN8fnu8bp4pE8p0ftP/s1600/14.+Technical+Consultant.png" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Technical
Consultan atau kadang disebut sebagai “Consultant” saja sesuai namanya bekerja
sebagai konsultan IT. Tugas utama seorang konsultan adalah merekomendasika
solusi teknologi IT terbaik untuk memecahkan masalah yang ada. Bila seorang
software architect lebih menguasai solution domain, seorang technical
consultant lebih menguasai problem domain. Seorang technical consultant mirip
seorang system analyst yang lebih sering membuat konsep proses bisnis dan
requirment daripada melakukan design atau coding. Technical consultant tentunya
juga menguasai teknologi software development tetapi pada level yang lebih umum
dan luas (high level) dan lebih condong termasuk dalam bidang software
consulting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Berbeda dengan software architect yang lebih banyak bekerja secara
internal dalam perusahaan, technical consultant lebih banyak bekerja untuk
memberikan konsultasi kepada client/customer dan lebih banyak berhadapan dengan
banyak orang. Untuk itu dibutuhkan interpersonal dan writing skill yang
memadai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Apabila anda sering mendengar istilah ERP (<i>Enterprise Resource Planning</i>) consultant, profesi tersebut termasuk
dalam technical consultant. seorang ERP consultant tentunya harus menguasai proses
bisnis enterprise dan bagaimana mengimplementasikannya dalam produk software
yang dikuasai / direkomendasikannya. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Technical Consultant Tugas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memberikan
konsultansi/rekomendasi mengenai solusi IT terbaik untuk memecahkan masalah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Membuat
dokumen seperti proposal, requirement dan desain software secara umum<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Melakukan
pelatihan (training) kepada para pengguna software.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Berpengalaman
dan menguasai berbagai macam proses bisnis enterprise atau jenis bisnis terentu<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai teknologi
IT secara luas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
secara mendalam tentang solusi software yang direkomendasikan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
penulisan dokumen dan komunikasi verbal dengan baik (dalam bahasa Inggris dan
Indonesia)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Manajemen Informatika, Teknik Informatika, Ilmu Komputer, Teknik
Komputer, Teknik Elektro (Pemusatan Studi Komputer)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">9.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">User Interface Designer<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikLk0Ht70O7euh_kVyNyLvEBOEGNWPxM8_kT14aDwrLXM1OkSZ1yRPycapkKMSZ1Yc6vX_dg1rCPWfHfnc5mqiOOwSpLa2VZwZPpqh1Gjy3FQYhh6bLGcUvvDZr0EHnPUYXZx5R66nTFwe/s1600/15.+User+Interface+Designer.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikLk0Ht70O7euh_kVyNyLvEBOEGNWPxM8_kT14aDwrLXM1OkSZ1yRPycapkKMSZ1Yc6vX_dg1rCPWfHfnc5mqiOOwSpLa2VZwZPpqh1Gjy3FQYhh6bLGcUvvDZr0EHnPUYXZx5R66nTFwe/s640/15.+User+Interface+Designer.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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Mungkin anda agak jarang mendengar nama profesi seperti ini karena memang
istilah ini jarang digunakan. Ada iklan lowongan pekerjaan yang menggunakan istilah
“User Interface Designer”, tetapi lebih sering digunakan istilah “Web Designer”
untuk posisi tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Profesi yang terakhir ini memang agak sedikit berbeda dengan
profesi-profesi sebelumnya karena orang-orang sukses di bidang ini umumnya
memiliki bakat seni sekaligus kemampuan technical. Seorang user interface
designer harus dapat membuat desain web yang manis, serasi, user friendly
tetapi tetap efisien karena Internet memiliki bandwidth yang terbatas. Karena
profesional di bidang ini lebih sering dipekerjakan dalam web development, maka
profesi ini lebih sering disebut sebagai web designer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kadang kala user interface designer juga disertakan dalam
proyek-proyek non web, misalnya untuk membuat design icon, splash screen, logo
dll. Contohnya, dewasa ini di platform .NET dikenal adanya teknologi WPF
(Windows Presentation Foundation). Dengan menggunakan teknologi ini, desain
tampilan aplikasi desktop dapat dipisahkan dengan coding-nya. Seorang user
interface designer dapat bekerja pada desain tampilan menggunakan XAML,
sedangkan programmer/developer mengerjakan coding-nya di code-behind
menggunakan C# atau VB.Net. Karena itulah profesi ini menurut saya lebih tepat
dinamakan user interface designer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">User Interface Designer Tugas:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mendesain
user interface agar menarik dan serasi secara visual dan user friendly<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Mendesain
image/gambar/animasi yang akan digunakan di tampilan user interface (UI)
software aplikasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keahlian yang Diperlukan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memiliki
bakat/minat di seni rupa / desain visual<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Memahami
dasar-dasar pemprograman baik web maupun secara umum<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
scripting untuk user interface seperti seperti HTML, DHTML, CSS, JavaScript,
action script, XAML dll.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Menguasai
tools manipulasi image dan animasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 20.25pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Latar Belakang:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Seni Rupa (desain visual), Teknik Informatika, Ilmu Komputer,
Manajemen Informatika<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<h2 style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Jenjang Karir di Dunia IT<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Kita akan membahas tentang tingkatan-tingkatan yang
lazim dalam setiap profesi di dunia IT. Seperti bidang-bidang pekerjaan
lainnya, profesi di dunia IT memiliki jenjang / tingkatan / level yang telah
berlaku secara umum di dunia kerja yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><br />
<strong>1. Fresh Graduate<o:p></o:p></strong></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Mereka yang baru saja lulus dari universitas,
institut, akademi ataupun sekolah menengah kejuruan dapat digolongkan sebagai
fresh graduate. Sebagian dari mereka ada yang telah memiliki pengalaman kerja
sehingga dapat digolongkan sebagai <em>Junior</em>
atau malah <em>Experienced</em>. Untuk
kasus ini sebutannya berubah dari fresh graduate menjadi experienced graduate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Dengan bekal ilmu yang diperoleh selama
kuliah, fresh graduate umumnya telah memiliki dasar-dasar pengetahuan dibidang
IT seperti programming atau networking, akan tetapi tetap perlu adanya
penyesuaian dengan lapangan kerja yang ada.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Sebagian besar fresh graduate belum dapat
memastikan bidang profesi IT mana yang akan mereka jalani. Biasanya fresh
graduate akan memilih bidang profesi yang sesuai dengan perusahaan tempat
pertamakali mereka diterima kerja walaupun beberapa dari mereka ada juga yang
telah memutuskan untuk bekerja di bidang profesi IT tertentu sesuai minat atau
hobby-nya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Junior<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Setelah diterima kerja pertama kali sebagai
karyawan, biasanya seorang fresh graduate akan di-training oleh perusahaan
untuk dapat dipekerjakan sesuai dengan kebutuhan perusahaan. Mereka yang lulus
training ini biasanya diberi titel “<em>Junior</em>“,
misalnya Junior Programmer, Junior Network Engineer ataupun Junior Consultant.
Tingkatan ini dapat dianalogikan dengan level “Genin” di salah satu manga
terkenal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Seorang yang telah berada pada level junior
dapat langsung mengisi lowongan kerja dengan kriteria misalnya: Programmer / IT
staff dengan pengalaman 1 – 2 tahun. Ciri-ciri dari level junior adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Dapat bekerja dalam proyek /
layanan IT tertentu pada tingkat dasar (basic). Misalnya sebagai
programmer melakukan coding sederhana atau melakukan testing dan defect
reporting. Sebagai network engineer dapat melakukan instalasi PC, setting
network, IP address, instalasi switch/hub<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Bekerja dibawah pengawasan /
supervisi dari yang lebih berpengalaman.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Pengalaman kerja dibawah 2
tahun<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">3. Experienced<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Setelah bekerja selama lebih dari 2 tahun,
seorang <em>junior</em> dapat naik ke
level “<em>Experienced</em>“.
Orang-orang di level inilah yang paling banyak dibutuhkan di dunia kerja dan
dapat dianggap “siap kerja”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Nama profesi di level ini biasanya tidak
diawali oleh embel-embel tertentu. Kalau kita mendengar istilah “Programmer”,
“Developer”, “Software Engineer”, “Network Engineer”, maka itu sama saja dengan
“Experienced Programmer” atau “Experienced Software Engineer”. Tingkatan ini
dapat dianalogikan dengan level “Chunnin” di salah satu manga terkenal <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Ciri-ciri dari level ini adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Dapat bekerja dalam proyek /
layanan IT pada tingkat menengah atau lanjut dengan menerapkan teknologi
atau metodologi terkini. Misalnya sebagai programmer/developer melakukan
software design, menerapkan design pattern, OOP, coding sesuai standar
(coding standard) dan best practice sehingga dapat menghasilkan aplikasi
yang berkualitas. Sebagai network engineer dapat melakukan LAN design,
instalasi dan setting server, instalasi dan setting router, core switch,
LAN design, VLAN, interkoneksi WAN dll.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Dapat bekerja secara mandiri
dibawah pengawasan / supervisi yang minimum. Kadang kala tidak membutuhkan
supervisi selama bekerja dan akan di review oleh team lead atau atasannya
setelah pekerjaannya diselesaikan.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Pengalaman kerja diatas 2
tahun<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo32; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal;">
</span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Senior<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Level senior dapat dikatakan sebagai level
technical tertinggi yang umumnya dapat dicapai seorang pekerja IT. Kita sering
mendengar istilah “Senior Programmer”, “Senior Developer”, “Senior Software
Engineer”, “Senior Network Engineer” dll. Untuk mencapai level ini, diperlukan
pengetahuan dan pengalaman yang luas dalam bidangnya. Biasanya orang yang
berada di level ini ditempatkan sebagai team lead dalam proyek. Tingkatan ini
dapat dianalogikan dengan level “Jounin” di salah satu manga terkenal <!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_6"
o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=":)" style='width:11.25pt;
height:11.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\DOCUME~1\Aislyn\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image027.gif"
o:title=")"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img alt=":)" height="15" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/Aislyn/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image027.gif" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_6" width="15" /><!--[endif]-->yang artinya “Elite”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Ciri-ciri dari level senior adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Menguasai secara mendalam
dan umumnya berpengalaman lebih dari 5 tahun dalam bidangnya, walaupun ada
pula yang mencapai level ini dalam 3 tahun dan ada yang 10 tahun, semuanya
bergantung pada kemampuan dan kesempatan masing-masing<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Dapat bekerja tanpa
supervisi karena dialah yang <s>seharusnya</s> paling tahu solusi IT
terbaik<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Mengawasi (supervise) dan
mereview hasil kerja anggota team yang berada di bawah levelnya seperti <em>Junior</em> dan <em>Experienced</em><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Sebagai tempat bertanya /
mentor dalam hal teknologi (technology expert) di lingkungan kerjanya<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Berperan sebagai designer /
analyst / architect atau team lead dalam sebuah proyek<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Seorang yang pantas dianggap memiliki
tingkatan senior adalah “Expert” dalam bidang profesinya dan dapat diserahi
tanggung jawab penuh mengenai teknologi dalam sebuah proyek atau layanan IT.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">5. Principal<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Istilah<em> principal</em>
dalam jenjang karir IT mungkin agak jarang terdengar. Istilah seperti
“Principal Software Engineer” atau “Principal Network Engineer” telah umum
digunakan di dunia IT, hanya saja tidak banyak penyandang sebutan ini.
Principal di sini maksudnya adalah “utama” / paling top. Selain tidak semua
profesional IT dapat mencapai level ini, sebagian besar perusahaan merasa cukup
untuk mempekerjakan seorang dengan level senior sebagai expert dalam aspek
teknis. Akibatnya profesional IT yang telah mencapai level senior akan beralih
ke manajemen seperti <em>project manager</em> bila
ingin mencapai karir yang lebih tinggi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Kalau kita meminjam istilah salah satu manga
terkenal, bisa dikatakan ini adalah level “S-Class” atau “Super”. Mereka yang
dianggap mencapai level ini biasanya diakui sebagai yang paling cemerlang
diantara para <em>senior</em>. Mereka tidak
hanya dianggap sebagai “Expert” tetapi juga sebagai “Leader” dalam bidangnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Ciri-ciri dari level ini adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Memiliki seluruh kemampuan
dari level senior<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Sebagai tempat bertanya
dalam hal teknologi dalam bidang profesinya (technology expert and leader)
dalam lingkungan yang lebih luas baik nasional maupun internasional<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Sering membuat artikel /
tulisan-tulisan mengenai bidang profesinya yang bermanfaat bagi orang lain<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Dapat dipercaya untuk
membangun / mengembangkan sebuah standard (<em>set the standards</em>) yang digunakan dalam bidang
profesinya, misalnya menciptakan design pattern tertentu atau metodologi
pengembangan software yang efektif.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Salah satu contoh dari level ini adalah
mereka yang mendapatkan MVP Award (Most Valuable Professional) dari sebuah
raksasa software yang tidak asing lagi bagi kita, atau yang memegang sertifikat
CCIE dari sebuah vendor jaringan terbesar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">6. Manager<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Seorang dengan level senior dan memiliki
track record yang bagus biasanya dapat dipromosikan sebagai managar, dalam hal
ini adalah Project Manager. Posisi manager dalam dunia IT banyak macamnya.
Beberapa istilah yang sering kita dengar diantaranya adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Project Manager<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Development Manager<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Application Manager /
Network Manager<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">IT Manager / General Manager
IT<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Technical Manager<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Product Manager<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Senior Manager<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Project manager adalah salah satu posisi
manager yang sering kita dengar di dunia IT. Tugas utama seorang project
manager adalah memastikan sebuat proyek berjalan lancar sesuai harapan.
Tugas-tugas umum seorang project manager adalah membuat perencanaan yang
mencakup biaya, waktu pengerjaan, jumlah pekerja yang dibutuhkan, kemudian
mengontrol jalannya proyek dan menyingkirkan segala hambatan/rintangan dalam
proyek baik dalam hal teknis (teknologi) atau non teknis (politik, birokrasi).<br />
Bagi yang memerlukan penjelasan lebih lanjut dapat membacanya di dokumen PMBOK
(Project Management Body of Knowledge) oleh PMI (Project Management Institute).
PMI juga mengeluarkan sertifikasi project manager yang diakui secara
internasional yaitu Project Manager Professional (PMP).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Mengenai jenis manajer lainnya akan saya
jelaskan di tulisan selanjutnya yang berjudul “Profesi Manajer di Dunia IT”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">7. Director<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Seorang profesional IT yang dapat mencapai
level direktur IT mungkin agak jarang sejarang kita mendengar istilah “IT
Director”. Inilah jenjang karir tertinggi yang masih berhubungan erat dengan
IT. Posisi ini juga dikenal sebagai CTO (Chief Technology Officer). Seorang
yang berada di level direktur idealnya bekerja di tingkatan kebijakan dan
strategi. Kebijakan dan strategi dalam pengembangan dan implementasi IT
tentunya bagi seorang IT director.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">IT director diperlukan di perusahaan yang
menempatkan IT sebagai hal yang critical dan sangat penting, sedangkan CTO
biasanya ada di perusahaan IT / software development yang sudah cukup besar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01956050610352054554noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129794618653031807.post-55907063442218414152012-12-28T04:22:00.001-08:002013-01-03T19:34:51.672-08:00Analisa Tugas<br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pendahuluan</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Interaksi
manusia komputer memiliki titik berat dalam membuat suatu system yang ramah
terhadap pengguna atau user. Didalamnya terdapat suatu rumusan analisis tugas
yang berfungsi untuk mengidentifikasi keinginan user yang akan dituangkan kedalam
sebuah system. Analisis tugas sendiri memiliki pengertian. proses menganalisis
bagaimana manusia melaksanakan tugas, apa saja yang mereka lakukan, peralatan
yang mereka gunakan, dan hal-hal apa saja yang mereka perlu ketahui.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pembahasan</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Pengertian Analisis Tugas</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ditinjau dari
pembentuk katanya Analisis tugas berasal dar kata <i>Analisis</i> yang
berarti proses pencarian jalan keluar (pemecahan masalah) yang berangkat dari
dugaan akan kebenarannya, sedangkan <i>Tugas </i>berarti pekerjaan
atau perintah atau melakukan sesuatu fungsi.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Jadi, dapat
disimpulkan Analisis tugas adalah proses pencarian jalan keluar terhadap sebuah
pekerjaan.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sedangkan dalam
bidang </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HC</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I, memiliki pengertian sebuah studi mengenai cara manusia
melakukan tugasnya dengan sistem yang ada. Memeriksa tugas-tugas user untuk
mengetahui dengan baik apa<b> </b>yang dibutuhkan user dari interface dan
bagaimana mereka akan<b> </b>menggunakannya.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Metode dalam menganalisis pekerjaan :</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.2 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Apa yang orang-orang lakukan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.2 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Alat-alat apa saja yang mereka butuhkan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.3 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Apa saja yang mereka harus tahu</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tujuan dari analisis tugas :</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Analisis tugas
dalam hal pembuatan sistem berfungsi untuk mendapatkan system yang sedetail
mungkin tapi tidak keluar dari prinsip <i>user friendly. </i>Sistem
yang dibuat akan dianalisis sehingga memiliki kemampuan yang sespesifik mungkin
namun tidak rumit atau malah menyulitkan.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Istilah-istilah dalam analisis
tugas :</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Sasaran</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah kondisi sistem yang ingin
dicapai manusia, misalnya menulis surat, pergi ke</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> t</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">o</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ko<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Tugas</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah himpunan terstruktur dari
aktivitas yang dibutuhkan, digunakan atau dipercayai sebagai hal
penting untuk mencapai sasaran dengan menggunakan perangkat tertentu,
misalnya menulis perintah melalui keyboard</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Aksi</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah tugas yang tidak mengandung
pemecahan persoalan atau komponen struktur kendali, misalnya memindah pointer,
menekan kunci</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. Rencana</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Terdiri atas sejumlah tugas atau aksi
yang disusun dalam suatu urutan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Analisis tugas</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: 27.8pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. <span style="background: white;">Manual</span> <span style="background: white;">dan</span> <span style="background: white;">pengajaran</span></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: 34.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a. Mengajarkan
cara melakukan task</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: 34.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b. Menyusun <span style="background: white;">manual</span> atau materi ajar</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: 34.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c. Membantu
user menjelaskan sistem ke orang lain</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 52.9pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Menangkap kebutuhan <span style="background: white;">dan</span> merancang sistem</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: 34.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a. Memandu
perancangan sistem baru</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b. Membantu perancang dalam meilih
model internal <span style="background: white;">untuk</span> sistem
yang sesuai dengan harapan user</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c. Meramalkan
penggunaan sistem baru</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 2.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: -7.05pt;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Merancang antar muka detail</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.
Mengklasifikasi tugas atau objek yang digunakan dalam perancangan menu</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.
Menghubungkan antara objek dengan aksi (OOP)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 54.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>TEKNIK ANALIS TUGAS</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Teknik analisis tugas memiliki ruang lingkup yang lebih
luas meliputi tugas-tugas yang melibatkan penggunaan komputer <span style="background: white;">dan</span> <span style="background: white;">m</span>emodelkan
aspek-aspek dunia nyata baik yang menjadi bagian maupun tidak dalam sistem
komputer</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.1 </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Teknik analisis tugas dibagi menjadi
tiga bagian, antara lain :</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: -3.8pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.1.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Dekomposisi tugas</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: -3.8pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.1.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Analisis berbasis pengetahuan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: -3.8pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.1.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Teknik berbasis relasi entitas</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: 49.65pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DEKOMPOSISI TUGAS</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; text-indent: -14.2pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dekomposisi
tugas memisahkan tugas kedalam urutan sub-tugas, bertujuan <span style="background: white;">untuk</span>menjelaskan akasi yang dilakukan manusia,
menstrukturkan tugas didalam hirarki sub tugas <span style="background: white;">dan</span> menjelaskan urutan dari sub-tugas.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hierarchical Task Analysis</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (HTA) adalah metode yang ekonomis
dalam<span style="background: white;">pengumpulan</span> <span style="background: white;">dan</span> pengorganisasian informasi karena
analis hanya perlu mengembangkan bagian dari hirarki yang dibutuhkan <span style="background: white;">dan</span> memungkinkan analis memfokuskan diri
pada aspek penting task dalam konteks keseluruhan task.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kelemahan HTA
adalah bahwa analis perlu mengembangkan pengukuran keterampilan <span style="background: white;">untuk</span> menganalisis tugas secara efektif.
Teknik ini bukanlah prosedur yang sederhana yang dapat diterapkan secara cepat.
Keterampilan tersebut dapat diperoleh dengan cepat melalui latihan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Deskripsi
tekstual HTA dalam rangka membersihkan rumah :</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. Keluarkan
penghisap debu</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Sesuaikan
semua alat yang harus ditancapkan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Bersihkan
ruangan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.1 Bersihkan
ruang utama</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.2 Bersihkan
ruang tamu</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.3 Bersihkan
kamar tidur</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. Jika kotak
debu sudah penuh, kososngkan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. Letakan
penghisap debunya <span style="background: white;">dan</span> segala
peralatan pembantunya</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PERENCANAAN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rencana 0 : kerjakan 1-2-3-5 dalam urutan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ketika kotak debu penuh, kerjakan 4</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 108.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.2pt; text-indent: -72.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rencana 3 :
kerjakan sembarang dari 3.1, 3.2, atau 3.3 dalam sembarang urutan tergantung
pada ruang mana yang butuh dibersihkan</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ANALISIS BERBASIS PENGETAHUAN</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Analisis
berbasis pengetahuan dimulai dengan mendaftar semua objek <span style="background: white;">dan</span> aksi yang terlibat dalam tugas <span style="background: white;">dan</span> kemudian membangun taksonominya. Hal
ini mirip dengan deskripsi hirarki yang dilakukan pada bidang biologi.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Contoh penerapan Analisis Berbasis Pengetahuan</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hewan digolongkan menjadi invertebrata <span style="background: white;">dan</span> vertebrata.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-line-height-alt: 10.75pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hewan vertebrata adalah ikan, burung, reptil, amfibi, mamalia <span style="background: white;">dan</span> seterusnya</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tujuannya adalah <span style="background: white;">untuk</span> memahami
pengetahuan (<i>knowledge</i>) yang dibutuhkan<span style="background: white;">untuk</span> melaksanakan
tugas <span style="background: white;">dan</span> dapat digunakan <span style="background: white;">untuk</span> membantu membuat materi<span style="background: white;">dan</span> menilai jumlah pengetahuan pada tugas
yang berbeda.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TEKNIK BERBASIS RELASI ENTITAS</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Teknik berbasis
relasi entitas biasanya berasosiasi dengan basis data pada model database
entitas, mewakili sistem contoh tabel <span style="background: white;">dan</span> atribut
pada analisis tugas, menekankan pada objek, aksi <span style="background: white;">dan</span> hubungan diantaranya.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Terdapat
3 Komponen dalam Analisis Tugas :<br />
1. Aktivitas adalah kegiatan user atau manusia melakukan suatu pekerjaan<br />
2. Artifak adalah sebuah alat yang dapat dimodifikasi atau diproses ulang
sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna.<br />
3. Hubungan adalah suatu koneksi atau interaksi anatara manusia dengan
system,dalam hal ini hubungan antara manusia dengan system sangatlah penting
karena satu sama lain sangat berkaitan.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>SUMBER INFORMASI <span style="background: white;">DAN</span></b> <b>PENGUMPULAN DATA</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Analisis tugas memungkinkan membuat suatu struktur data mengenai
tugas <span style="background: white;">dan</span> hasilnya akan baik
jika didukung oleh sumber daya yang baik pula. Proses analisis data tidak
semata-mata mengumpulkan, menganalisis, mengorganisasikan data <span style="background: white;">dan</span> merepresentasikan hasil namun
kadangkala kita harus kembali melihat sumber data tersebut dengan
pertanyaan <span style="background: white;">dan</span> cara pandang
yang baru.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.1</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Beberapa sumber informasi :</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.1.1 </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dokumentasi</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pengumpulan,pengolahan dan penyimpanan informasi suatu
kejadian. Dokumentasi yang ada pada suatu organisasi, misalnya buku <span style="background: white;">manual</span>, buku instruksi, materi training <span style="background: white;">dan</span> sebagainya.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.1.2</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Observasi</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Peninjauan secara cermat atau pengamatan. Observasi
langsung, baik secara formal maupun informal perlu dilakukan jika ingin
mengetahui kondisi dari pekerjaan tugas. Hasil dari observasi <span style="background: white;">dan</span> dokumentasi dapat digunakan <span style="background: white;">untuk</span> analisis sebelum memutuskan <span style="background: white;">untuk</span> melakukan data dengan teknik lain
yang memakan biaya.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.1.3</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Wawancara</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bertanya kepada seseorang yang ahli pada bidang tugas
yang akan dianalisa.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span lang="EN-US">Wawancara
sebaiknya dilakukan setelah observasi, hasil observasi dapat direfleksikan
dengan wawancara untuk mengetahui perilaku atau kondisi yang diinginkan dan
tidak diinginkan.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.1.4</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Analisis awal</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Setelah data diperoleh, <span style="background: white;">untuk</span> tahap awal dilakukan dengan
mendaftar objek<span style="background: white;">dan</span> aksi dasar
dengan menelusuri dokumen yang ada.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
<span lang="EN-US">Cara mudah yang dapat ditempuh adalah dengan menelusuri
dokumen-dokumen yang ada dan mencari kata benda yang akan menjadi obyek, serta
kata kerja yang akan menjadi aksi.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.1.5</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <b>Pengurutan <span style="background: white;">dan</span> Klasifikasi</b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Beberapa analis melakukan
pengurutan <span style="background: white;">dan</span> klasifikasi
sendiri namn ada juga yang dibantu oleh ahli berdsarkan bidang analisis.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">8. Representasi Data</span></b><span lang="EN-US"><br />
Pengertian :<br />
Proses perubahan konsep-konsep yang abstrak maupun nyata dalam bentuk yg kongkret<br />
Cara Melakukan Representasi Data :<br />
8.1.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daftar, ringkasan, matriks :<br />
- Gunakan alat bantu bagan<br />
- Tambahkan detail yang semakin bertambah<br />
- Ketahui lebih lanjut berapa detail yang cukup<br />
- Akankan ditambah ringkasan yang dihubungkan dengan sub-tugas khusus<br />
- Baik untuk tugas yang terurut<br />
- Tidak mendukung dengan baik tugas-tugas yang paralel<br />
- Tidak mendukung dengan baik percabangan<br />
<br />
8.2. Naratif :<br />
- Menjelaskan tugas-tugas dalam bentuk kalimat<br />
- Seringkali versi diperluas dari daftar atau ringkasan<br />
- Lebih efektif untuk mengkomunikasikan ide-ide umum dari tugas<br />
- Tidak efektif untuk detail<br />
- Tidak efektif untuk tugas yang bercabang<br />
- Tidak efektif untuk tugas parallel<br />
<br />
8.3. Hierarki<br />
Hierarki Task Analysis (HTA)<br />
- Notasi grafik dan dekomposisi dari tugas<br />
- Tugas merupakan kumpulan dari aksi<br />
- Tugas diatur ke dalam rencana<br />
Mengelompokkan sub-tugas dengan berurut lebih disukai dan kondisi-kondisi
prasyarat.<br />
cognitive walkthrough suatu usaha yang dilakukan untuk mengenalkan teori
psikologike dalam bentuk informal subjektif. Dengan kata lain ,usaha ini
bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perancangan dengan melihat seberapa besar dukungan
yang diberikan ke pengguna guna memelajari berbagai tugas yang diberikan
pendekatan ini dikemukakan oleh polson, dkk walkthrough. Dalam pendekatan ini
terdapat beberapa<br />
isu yang timbul seperti :<br />
a. Dampak interaksi apakah yang akan terjadi pada pengguna?<br />
b. Proses kognotif apakah yang di butuhkan?<br />
c. Masalah pembelajaran apakah yang mungkin terjadi</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br />
untuk melakukan cognitive walkthrough harus punya informasi yang
dibutuhkan<br />
a. Deskripsi dari interface yang dibutuhkan itu<br />
b. Deskripsi tugas , termasuk usaha yang benar untuk melakukannya dengan
struktur tujan untuk mendukungnya</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br />
Dengan informasi ini maka evaluator dapat melakukan langkah – langkah cognitive
walkthrough:<br />
a. Pilih tugas<br />
b. Deskripsikan tujuan awal dari usar<br />
c. Lakukan kegiatan / aksi yang tepat<br />
d. Analisis proses keputusan untuk setiap kegiatan</span></div>
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8.4. Evaluasi Heuristik di usulkan oleh Nielsen dan molich heuristic adalah
guide line, prinsip umum dan peraturan, pengalaman yang bias membantu suatu
keputusan atau kritik atas suatu keputusan yang di ambil ada 10 dasar heuristic
yaitu :<br />
a. Visibilitas status system<br />
b. Kecocokan antara system dan dunia nyata<br />
c. Control user dan kebebasan<br />
d. Konsistensi dan standar<br />
e. Pencegahan kesalahan<br />
f. Pengenalan atas penarikan kembali<br />
g. Fleksibelitas dan efisiensi<br />
h. Berhubungan dengan keindahan dan design minimalis<br />
i. Bantuan bagi user untuk mengenali mendiagnosis dan memperbaiki dari
kesalahan<br />
j. Help dan dokumentasi<br />
tujuan evaluasi heuristic adalah untuk memperbaiki perancangan secara efektif .<br />
<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8.5. GOMS (Goals, Operators, Methods,
Selection Rules), dikembangkan oleh Card,Moran dan Newell:<br />
• Goal / Tujuan : status terakhir yang ingin dicapai, kemudian uraikan dalam
sub tujuan.<br />
• Operator : aksi pada tingkat paling rendah (untuk menjalankan suatu
kegiatan); misal: press key, drag mouse, memindahkan pointer<br />
• Methods: urutan operator (prosedur) untuk menuntaskan suatu tujuan (satu atau
lebih), contoh: Memilih kalimat gerakkan mouse ke awal kata, press mouse, tarik
ke akhir kata, lepaskan mouse<br />
<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8.5.1 Prosedur GOMS :<br />
*menganalisa urutan langkah.<br />
* perkirakan durasi tiap langkah dan akhirnya total waktu keseluruhan
langkah. </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">Analisa digunakan untuk menentukan jalur critical, waktu yang
digunakan untuk menyelesaikan suatu tugas.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8.5.2 Batasan :<br />
* GOMS bukan untuk tugas-tugas dimana langkah-langkahnya kurang dipahami<br />
*bukan untuk user awam/ tidak berpengalaman.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8.5.3 Varian GOMS :<br />
GOMS seringkali digabungkan dengan Keystroke Level Analysis (KLM)</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8.5.4 Selection Rules :<br />
* dipakai ketika ada pilihan cara<br />
* ujicoba GOMS untuk memperkirakan metode mana yang digunakan<br />
Contoh: dapat menghapus sebuah kata baik dengan cara ctrl-X ataupun melalui
menu tertentu.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">8.5.5 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cognitive Complexity
Theory (Kieras dan Polson)<br />
*menggunakan dekomposisi tujuan dari GOMS<br />
*hirarki Goal diekspresikan dengan Production Rules if condition, then action<br />
<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>8.5.6 Model Kognitif<br />
*Situated action<br />
#Teori mengenai ‘aksi’ yang selalu ada dalam konteks sosial ataupun fisikal<br />
# Situasi memegang peranan dalam aksi user<br />
#Dapat terjadi problem dalam komunikasi mesin-manusia, sehingga situasi tidak
lagi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>berarti.<br />
#Merupakan teori sosial, karena tidak hanya mempertimbangkan bagaimana seorang
user berinteraksi dengan sebuah sistem..tapi juga bagaimana berinteraksi dengan
user dan sistem lain disekitar.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">* Activity Theory<br />
*Distributed Theory<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
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<span lang="EN-US">SUMBER</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> http://iryanaichwani.blogspot.com/2011/02/analisi-tugas-imk.html<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> http://ferryilkom42.wordpress.com/analisa-hci-glodokshopcom/tugas-analisis-imk-2/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> http://inihanyasolusi.blogspot.com/2010/11/makalah-analisis-tugas-dalam-interaksi.html<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> http://dararialbajillykb04.blogspot.com/2012/04/analisa-tugas-pengertian-analisis-tugas.html<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01956050610352054554noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129794618653031807.post-64366011721055147072012-10-19T23:11:00.001-07:002012-10-19T23:14:31.074-07:00Search Engine (Mesin Pencari)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpnr39QcHWe14GPeoNX5SO1wNSWBQeKJzBhRj4NZQZ4KiDbF29vOXfjrLN5zF-ghcCvSz1wpV8wSYaTCVzTgTeAU5cpauLkRyVgne7LNfKPnN8ebrSaQrVkICKeLJm3BYib-Up1gqLmbL_/s1600/SEARCH+ENGINE.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpnr39QcHWe14GPeoNX5SO1wNSWBQeKJzBhRj4NZQZ4KiDbF29vOXfjrLN5zF-ghcCvSz1wpV8wSYaTCVzTgTeAU5cpauLkRyVgne7LNfKPnN8ebrSaQrVkICKeLJm3BYib-Up1gqLmbL_/s1600/SEARCH+ENGINE.jpg" /></a></div>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; color: #3d85c6; text-align: justify;">
<b>Search Engine;</b> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Suatu mesin pencari (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">search engine)</i> adalah merupakan salah
satu fasilitas/program komputer di internet yang dapat dinikmati untuk
mempercepat proses pencarian informasi yang dibutuhkan di internet. Fasilitas ini
memungkinkan pengguna internet untuk mendapatkan segala macam informasi yang
ingin didapatkan. Hanya menanyakan satu kata atau kelompok kata kepada pengguna
untuk dicari. Program ini kemudian mencari isi situs-situs Web di internet
untuk melihat apakah kata atau kata-kata tersebut ada di dalam situs-situs Web
tersebut.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mesin pencari lalu
memperkirakan seberapa bermanfaat situs yang mengandung kata-kata yang dicari
dan menyajikan penanya dengan alamat situs Web dan dokumen –dokumen yang memuat
kata-kata yang telah dipilih.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Google (<a href="http://www.google.com/">www.google.com</a>), Yahoo (<a href="http://www.yahoo.com/">www.yahoo.com</a>), Meta-Crwler (<a href="http://www.metacrawler.com/">www.metacrawler.com</a>), Excite (<a href="http://www.excite.com/">www.excite.com</a>), Alta Vista (<a href="http://www.altavista.com/">www.altavista.com</a>), MSN (<a href="http://www.msn.com/">www.msn.com</a>) , AskJeeves (<a href="http://www.askjeeves.com/">www.askjeeves.com</a>) adalah sebagian kecil
situs-situs<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mesin pencari dan portal
populer yang tersedia bagi pengguna untuk mencari informasi yang dapat diakses
melalui web. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Situs-situs kemudian
diorganisasikan dengan cara yang akan membuat mereka mudah untuk digunakan. Tidak
ada biaya untuk menggunakan mesin-mesin pencari ini. Akan tetapi, ada beberapa
organisasi yang membayar perusahaan mesin pencari untuk menampilkan
produk-produknya di dalam daftar hasil.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #3d85c6; text-align: justify;">
Bagaimanakah cara kerja Mesin
Pencari?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Cara kerja mesin pencari yaitu
dengan menambang informasi dan mengumpulkannya dalam basis data mereka, cara
kerja mesin pencari <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>melalui 3 cara yang
berbeda, antara lain:</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span>Mesin pencari <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Spider/Crawler</i></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">
Mesin pencari
berbasis crawler ialah mesin pencari yang secara otomatis menjelajah setiap
website, oleh karena itu dinamakan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">spider</i>
atau <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">crawl </i>yang meng-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">‘crawler’ </i>internet website, dan temuan
yang telah diperoleh akan ditambahkan pada database mereka. Contoh Jenis Mesin
Pencari ini adalah: Google.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Human-Powered
Directory</i></li>
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Mesin pencari
berbasis <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">human-powered </i>atau disebut
juga sebagai <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Open Directory </i>sangat
bergantung pada keberadaan manusia dalam menilai keabsahan website untuk
ditambahkan ke dalam database mesin pencari mereka. Oleh karena itu dalam segi
tertentu, mesin pencari jenis ini terbilang akurat dalam menilai website. Jenis
mesin pencari ini adalah <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Yahoo Search.</i></div>
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<br /></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hybrid
Search Engine atau Mixed Search Engine</i></li>
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Kombinasi mesin
pencari yang menggunakan modus berbasis <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">crawler
</i>dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">human-powered </i>dinamakan
hybrid search engine. Contoh mesin pencari ini yaitu Dogpile dan Meta-Crawler.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-align: justify;">
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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Sumber:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
(<a href="http://books.google.co.id/books?id=2aXEg7DtCS0C&pg=PA65&lpg=PA65&dq=mesin+pencari&source=bl&ots=ENKUHiIC89&sig=_wgRlTPq4T5cCkatyo_3P4xfjng&hl=id&sa=X&ei=2-GAUPDfIoLOrQfFz4CAAg&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=mesin%20pencari&f=false">http://books.google.co.id/books?id=2aXEg7DtCS0C&pg=PA65&lpg=PA65&dq=mesin+pencari&source=bl&ots=ENKUHiIC89&sig=_wgRlTPq4T5cCkatyo_3P4xfjng&hl=id&sa=X&ei=2-GAUPDfIoLOrQfFz4CAAg&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=mesin%20pencari&f=false</a>) </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
(<a href="http://books.google.co.id/books?id=bzPyG0auxTAC&pg=PT52&lpg=PT52&dq=mesin+pencari&source=bl&ots=-lN-J3VEsO&sig=dvIt0fZpmA_cBeVeJkkqITF6HoE&hl=id&sa=X&ei=1M-AUMj7D8HtrQf8noGABg&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ">http://books.google.co.id/books?id=bzPyG0auxTAC&pg=PT52&lpg=PT52&dq=mesin+pencari&source=bl&ots=-lN-J3VEsO&sig=dvIt0fZpmA_cBeVeJkkqITF6HoE&hl=id&sa=X&ei=1M-AUMj7D8HtrQf8noGABg&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ</a>)</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
(<a href="http://books.google.co.id/books?id=EYYxuBC0qa8C&pg=PR8&lpg=PR8&dq=mesin+pencari&source=bl&ots=j3yI7Z6lfT&sig=4NGfcgB6O47YZoP6kjSrXSohmT0&hl=id&sa=X&ei=0RaCUNzVBcjKrAffuYDoBw&ved=0CEUQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=mesin%20pencari&f=false">http://books.google.co.id/books?id=EYYxuBC0qa8C&pg=PR8&lpg=PR8&dq=mesin+pencari&source=bl&ots=j3yI7Z6lfT&sig=4NGfcgB6O47YZoP6kjSrXSohmT0&hl=id&sa=X&ei=0RaCUNzVBcjKrAffuYDoBw&ved=0CEUQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=mesin%20pencari&f=false</a>)
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<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01956050610352054554noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129794618653031807.post-90942251453501610852012-06-19T22:11:00.000-07:002012-06-19T22:11:56.318-07:00Penyederhanaan Aljabar Boolean<!--[if !mso]>
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<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB I.</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penyederhanaan fungsi logika dengan
K-Map</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Metode penyederhanaan persamaan Boole, yang paling
sering digunakan, melalui metode ini adalah menggunakan Peta Karnaugh Veitch
atau yang sering juga disebut sebagai diagram Karnaugh (Karnaugh MAP). </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt; line-height: 150%;">Karnaugh
Map (disingkat K-map) adalah sebuah peralatan grafis yang digunakan untuk
menyederhanakan persamaan logika atau mengkonversikan sebuah Tabel Kebenaran
menjadi sebuah rangkaian Logika. AB dan C adalah variabel input, output-output
berupa minterm-minterm bernilai 1 diisikan pada sel K-map. Jumlah sel K-map
adalah 2 <sup><span style="mso-text-raise: 5.0pt; position: relative; top: -5.0pt;">jumlah
variabel input</span></sup><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Misalnya: jika terdapat dua variabel input pada masukannya maka jumlah
kemungkinan variasi adalah 2<sup>2</sup>= 4 kemungkinan jumlah kotak persegi
pada K-Map.</span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Bila jumlah kotak persegi pada K-Map sudah ditentukan, maka tiap-tiap
kotak harus ditandai sendiri-sendiri. </span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Penyederhanaan atau
minimisasi dilakukan dengan mengelompokkan kotak-kotak yang bertetangga, yang
bernilai logika-1, menjadi satu blok yang bergantung dari besarnya digram,
dapat terdiri dari 2,4,8 kotak,... dsb. Blok demikian dapat dianggap satu kotak
yang ditandai dengan variabel dipinggirnya. Selama pengelompokkan dapat
menciptakan blok yang baru, maka pengelompokkan berganda dari suatu kotak
selalu membawa penyederhanaan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Kotak yang tidak termasuk dalam suatu kelompok atau blok akan ditandaioleh
variabel berpadanan seperti semula. Persamaan baru yang disederhanakan
merupakan “penjumlahan” dari semua blok dari sisa kotak yang berlogika 1.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Contoh 5 :</span></u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> sederhanakan </span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 1.65in; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.7pt;" valign="top" width="76">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">T</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.65pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 56.7pt;" valign="top" width="76">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Solusi :</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br clear="ALL" style="mso-ignore: vglayout;" />
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Salah
satu metode penyederhanaan fungsi logika untuk maksimal 4 variabel dapat
dilakukan:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 59.25pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 59.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Berdasarkan
tabel kebenaran diatas, maka persamaan Aljabarnya adalah T=(</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A.</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B)+(</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A.B)...... standart disjunctif.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 59.25pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 82.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.25pt;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Selanjutnya dibuat diagram K-Map dengan mengalihkan
persamaan kedalam kotak-kotak berpadanan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 59.25pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 59.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Selanjutnya menyusul pengelompokan kotak-kotak
bertetangga yang bernilai logika-1. Diagram diatas memungkinkan pembentukan 1
blok berkotak-kotak secara khas yang ditandai dengan huruf pinggir </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">A. Tidak ada kotak yang bernilai logika-1 yang tersisa. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Sehingga hasil penyederhanaannya
adalah : T = </span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Aturan Dasar Untuk Melakukan Penyederhanaan Dengan Menggunakan K-Map</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 99.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 63.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.0pt;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Peta digambar sedemikan rupa sehingga kotak-kotak
yang bersebelahan hanya berbeda “satu” variabel.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 99.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 63.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.0pt;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Suku-suku dari persamaan yang akan disederhanakan
dimasukkan kedalam kotak yang besesuaian<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>dengan cara memberi logika-1 didalamnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 99.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 99.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27.0pt;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Bila pada kotak persegi yang bersebelahan terdapat
logika-1, maka variabel yang berbeda pada kedua kotak tersebut dihilangkan
(Hukum komplementasi). Sehingga pada suku tersebut hanya “Variabel yang sama”
yang merupakan bagian dari hasil akhir dari hasil penyederhanaan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 1.0pt; margin-left: 99.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 99.0pt; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Jika semua suku telah disederhanakan, persamaan akhir
diperoleh dengan menuliskan semua suku-suku yang telah disederhanakan itu dalam
bentuk standar disjunctif.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Selanjutnya aturan pembentukan Loop<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>dapat kita perluas untuk banyak variabel masukan (input).</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penyelesaian
logika dari tabel kebenaran dengan menggunakan metode SOP dan POS</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Merupakan ekspresi fungsi AND atau metode SOP:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-
Rangkaian kombinasi logika </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">-
Kondisi output ditentukan oleh kombinasi input</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">–
inputnya</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Penyelesaian
logika dari tabel kebenaran dengan menggunakan metode SOP dan POS dan
implementasi pada rancangan rangkaian logikanya. Jika diberikan suatu tabel
kebenaran dari suatu kasus maka kita bisa menggunakan metode SOP atau POS untuk
merancang suatu rangkaian kombinasionalnya. Untuk menentukan suatu rancangan
kita menghendaki suatu rancangan yang paling efisien. Dengan adanya tabel
kebenaran kita dapat menentukan mana diantara metode yang paling efisien untuk
diimplementasikan. Untuk menentukan metode mana yang paling efisien, kita lihat
bagian output pada tabel kebenaran tersebut. Jika jumlah output yang mempunyai
nilai 1 lebih sedikit dari jumlah output yang mempunyai nilai 0, maka kita bisa
menentukan bahwa metode SOP yang lebih efisien. Jika jumlah output yang
mempunyai nilai 0 lebih sedikit dari jumlah output yang mempunyai nilai 1, maka
kita bisa menentukan metode POS yang lebih efisien. Kadangkala suatu hasil dari
tabel disajikan dalam bentuk fungsi. Dan kita akan mengenal symbol
"Σ" melambangkan operasi SOP sehingga yang ditampilkan adalah output
yang mempunyai nilai 1 dan symbol "Π" melambangkan operasi POS
sehingga yang ditampilkan adalah ouput yang mempunyai nilai 0.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.25in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.1.</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Variabel Input Data<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebuah
rangkaian logika yang mempunyai 2 buah input, maka akan mempunyai 4 buah
variabel input (sesuai dengan rumus 2<sup>n</sup> = 2<sup>2</sup> = 4). </span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Variabel input data ada 2, maka ada 4 kotak yang
ditandai dengan A,</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">A, B dan</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">B. Urutan penandaan diatur sedemikan rupa sehingga
pada peralihan dari satu kotak kekotak disebelahnya hanya boleh berbeda satu
variabel (satu nilai logika) saja. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk lebih jelasnya
perhatikan gambar berikut :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 40.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 17.1pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" valign="top" width="66">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 17.1pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.25pt;" valign="top" width="28">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 46.7pt;" valign="top" width="62">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 17.1pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.7pt;" valign="top" width="65">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; height: 17.1pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.7pt;" width="65">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.15pt;" width="54">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" width="66">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A.</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A.</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.25pt;" valign="top" width="28">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">00</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 46.7pt;" width="62">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.7pt;" valign="top" width="65">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Atau</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.7pt;" width="65">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.15pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 49.6pt;" width="66">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A.B</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A.B</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.25pt;" valign="top" width="28">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" width="57">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">01</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 46.7pt;" width="62">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">11</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.7pt;" valign="top" width="65">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 48.7pt;" width="65">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 40.15pt;" valign="top" width="54">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 42.55pt;" valign="top" width="57">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.25in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.2.</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Variabel Input Data<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>3.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Dalam
sebuah rangkaian logika yang mempunyai tiga buah input, akan mempunyai 8 buah
kombinasi variabel input ( 2<sup>3</sup> ). Jadi sebuah Peta Karnaugh dari
sebuah rangkaian logika dengan 3 buah input akan memiliki 8 buah kotak. Bentuk
Peta Karnaughnya adalah :</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoCaption" style="margin-left: 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Gambar. Peta
Karnaugh dengan Tiga variabel</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Bila
kita perhatikan, penempatan nilai 11 ada dikolom ketiga dari Peta Karnaugh tiga
variabel. Prinsip yang dipergunakan adalah perubahan antara kolom yang satu
dengan yang lainnya harus memiliki satu nilai perubahan saja. Demikian juga
dengan Peta Karnaugh diatas, kolom ke-2 = 01maka pada kolom berikutnya (ke-3)
harus 00 atau 11, karena pada kolom pertama 00 sudah didefinisikan, maka kolom
ke-3 diisi dengan nilai 11.</div>
<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in;">
Sebagai contoh untuk variable 3 Input-an:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F(
A, B, C ) = Σ ( 0, 3, 5, 7 )</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Maksud
dari fungsi diatas adalah fungsi tersebut mempunyai 3 variabel input dan output
yang mempunyai nilai 1 adalah 0, 3, 5, dan 7 (tanda Σ melambangkan SOP). Jika
fungsi yang disajikan adalah:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F(
A, B, C ) = Π ( 0, 3, 5, 7 )</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Maksudnya
adalah fungsi tersebut mempunyai 3 variabel input dan output yang mempunyai nilai
0 adalah 0, 3, 5, dan 7 (tanda Π melambangkan POS). Rangkaian kombinasional
untuk mengimplementasikan tabel kebenaran berikut :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 139.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B
</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">OUTPUT</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena output dengan nilai 1 lebih sedikit maka kita
gunakan metode SOP. Dan untuk teknik penyederhanaannya kita langsung gunakan
K-Map (karena masih 3 variabel). Sehingga K-Map akan berbentuk:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ekspresi
fungsi logikanya dari hasil K-Map tersebut adalah:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena
bentuk fungsi logikanya adalah SOP kita dapat merancang rangkaian
kombinasionalnya dari gerbang NAND saja, yaitu dengan cara member double bar
pada fungsi tersebut kemudian operasikan bar yang terbawah. Fungsi akan
menjadi:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sehingga rangkaian kombinasionalnya menjadi:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Contoh
:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rangkaian
kombinasional untuk mengimplementasikan tabel kebenaran berikut ini :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 105.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B
</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">OUTPUT</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.9pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 27.0pt;" valign="top" width="36">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 58.5pt;" valign="top" width="78">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena
output dengan nilai 0 lebih banyak maka kita gunakan metode POS. Sehingga K-Map
akan terbentuk :</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ekspresi
fungsi logikanya dari hasil K-Map tersebut adalah:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari
fungsi logika tersebut kita dapat merancang rangkaian kombinasionalnya dari
gerbang NOR saja dengan cara memberi double bar kemudian bar terbawah
dioperasikan sehingga:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dan rangkaian kombinasionalnya:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.25in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.3.</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Variabel Input Data 4.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila sebuah
rangkaian logika mempunyai empat buah variabel input, maka akan dihasilkan
sebanyak 16 buah kombinasi variabel input. Untuk menggambarkan Peta Karnaugh
dengan 4 buah input, maka harus dibuatkan 16 buah kotak.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoCaption" style="margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>Gambar. Peta Karnaugh dengan Empat
Variabel</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.25pt;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Misalkan suku A.B.</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">C.D dari
sebuah fungsi mempunyai 4 variabel input, maka suku ini harus dimasukkan
kedalam peta karnaugh<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>sebagai nilai
satu<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pada kotak yang berpadanan. Pada
tabel kebenaran suku-suku ini diwakili oleh kode input 1101 yaitu logika-1
untuk input D, logika1-0 untuk input C logika-1 untuk input B dan logika-1
untuk input A. Serta bila suku A.B.</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">C.D
muncul dalam persamaan (fungsi), maka niali fungsi (suku A.B.</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">C.D) ini diberi logika-1. Hal ini berarti bahwa bila logika-1 muncul
pada lajur fungsi dari kolom fungsi maka pada kotak yang berpadanan dari peta karnaugh
juga diberi logika-1.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Contoh :</span></u></b><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"> penyederhanaan tabel kebenaran dibawah ini :</span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 88.15pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 5.7pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 5.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.9pt;" width="39">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">D</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 5.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.95pt;" width="39">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">C</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 5.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" width="45">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">B</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 5.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" width="45">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 5.7pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.85pt;" width="77">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">T(Output)</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 61.85pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 61.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.9pt;" width="39">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 61.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.95pt;" valign="top" width="39">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 61.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 61.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.75pt;" valign="top" width="45">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 61.85pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 57.85pt;" valign="top" width="77">
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Solusi :</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.75pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Berdasarkan hasil
pembentukan loop pada K-map maka diperoleh hasil penyederhanaan</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Sebagai berikut :</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 129.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.7pt;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">T = (A.</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Symbol;">`</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">B) + C</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 129.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.7pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.25in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.4.</span></span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Variabel Input Data 5.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila
sebuah rangkaian logika mempunyai lima buah variabel input, maka akan
dihasilkan sebanyak 32 buah kombinasi variabel input. Untuk menggambarkan Peta
Karnaugh dengan 5 buah input, maka harus dibuatkan 32 buah kotak.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Peta Karnaugh dengan Lima variabel</span><span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br clear="ALL" style="mso-ignore: vglayout;" />
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Berdasarkan hasil
pembentukan loop pada K-map maka diperoleh hasil penyederhanaan</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="NO-BOK" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">Sebagai berikut :</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 93.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">T=
</span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -3.0pt; position: relative; top: 3.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: list 2.0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: list 2.0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: list 2.0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo11; tab-stops: list 2.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.5.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Penggunaan Peta Karnaugh</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Penggunaan
Peta Karnaugh dapat dijelaskan dengan contoh persamaan seperti dibawah ini
berdasarkan tabel kebenaran dari AND GATE.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F = ABC + ABC + ABC + ABC+ ABC<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dengan
tabel kebenaran :</span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 90.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 17.6pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.3pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 62.0pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.3pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td rowspan="8" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 62.0pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A’B’C</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A’B
C</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
B’C</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
B C’</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A
B C</span></div>
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<tr style="height: 17.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.3pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.3pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.1pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.3pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.3pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.3pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 17.6pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 17.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.3pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 18.05pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 18.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 18.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 18.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 35.45pt;" valign="top" width="47">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 18.05pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.3pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dari tabel kebenaran diatas, pada
kolom F terdapat angka logika 0 dan 1 yang akan disederhanakan adalah mempunyai
hasil 1 dan selanjutnya dikonversikan kedalam Peta Karnaugh seperti dibawah ini
:</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 2.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gambar. Hasil Konversi</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Didalam
kotak-kotak tersusun angka logika 1 dan logika 0, dimana angka logika 1
letaknya bisa berdekatan / berdampingan dan bisa juga berjauhan tergantung
bentuk soal yang mempunyai nilai 1.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan
letak angka 1 maka akan didapat beberapa kemungkinan yang akan terjadi, yaitu
sebagai berikut :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PAIR,
apabila ada dua angka logika 1 yang berdampingan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">QUAD,
apabila ada empat angka logika 1 berdampingan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">OKTET,
apabila ada delapan angka logika 1 berdampingan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ROLLING
(melingkar), apabila nilai logika 1 yang terdapat pada kolom sebelah kiri
dengan nilai logika 1 pada kolom sebelah kanan, atau nilai logika 1 pada baris
paling atas dengan logika 1 pada baris paling bawah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">OVERLAPPING,
apabila pembacaan logika 1 yang digunakan lebih dari 1 (satu) kali.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Pasangan
yang terbentuk dari angka 1 yang berdampingan seperti pada contoh
penyederhanaan diatas ada</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">lah
sebuah pair dan sebuah quad.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Langkah-langkah
penyederhanaan rangkaian logika dengan menggunakan Peta Karnaugh bila secara
singkat adalah sebagai berikut : <b>.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Masukkan
angka-angka 1 ke dalam Peta Karnaugh untuk setiap hasil kali fundamental yang
bersesuaian dengan kelaran 1 dalam tabel logika.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: .25in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tulislah angka-angka 0 ditempat-tempat
yang tersisa</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lingkarilah
pair, quad, oktet, dan pasangan yang ada pada peta. Jangan lupa melakukan
proses pengulangan dan penandaan kelompok-kelompok tumpang tindih untuk
memperoleh kelompok yang sebesar mungkin.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Lingkarilah
sisa-sisa angka 1 yang terisolasi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Hapuslah
kelompok-kelompok kelebihan bilamana ada.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tulislah
persamaan boolean dalam pernyataan operasi OR dari hasil kali yang bersesuaian
dengan kelompok-kelompok yang dilingkari dalam Peta Karnaugh.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: .25in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Gambarlah
rangkaian logika ekivalennya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoTitle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB.
II</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
Quine Mc.Cluskey</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Metode lain yang digunakan untuk
menyederhanakan fungsi boolean adalah dengan menggunakan metode Quine-McCluskey
atau biasa disebut metode tabulasi. Jika jumlah variabel yang terlibat pada
suatu fungsi lebih dari enam variabel maka penggunaan Peta Karnaugh menjadi
semakin rumit. Untuk itu digunakan metode Quine-McCluskey atau tabulasi ini.
Dasar hukum yang digunkan metode ini adalah aksioma distribusi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Metode
Quine-McCluskey ini terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: .25in list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menentukan <i>term-term</i> sebagai
kandidat (<i>Prime Implicant).</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memilih
<i>prime implicant</i> untuk mendapatkan ekspresi dengan jumlah literal paling
sedikit.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: list 2.0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2.1.
Menentukan <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Prime Implicant</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Langkah-langkah
penyelesaian dalam menentukan <i>prime implicant</i> (kandidat-kandidat) adalah
dengan cara :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo8; tab-stops: 0in list .5in 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kelompokkan
representasi biner untuk <i>minterm</i> menurut jumlah digit 1-nya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Konversi Biner</span></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 113.4pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><b>Desimal</b></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.25in;" valign="top" width="120">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Biner</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.25in;" valign="top" width="120">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0000</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.25in;" valign="top" width="120">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0001</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.25in;" valign="top" width="120">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0010</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">8</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.25in;" valign="top" width="120">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1000</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.25in;" valign="top" width="120">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1010</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">11</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.25in;" valign="top" width="120">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1011</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">14</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.25in;" valign="top" width="120">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1110</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 63.0pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.25in;" valign="top" width="120">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1111</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berdasarkan
tabel diatas, pisahkan menurut jumlah digit 1-nya menjadi :</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel.
Tabel Menurut Jumlah Digit</span></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: .95in; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jumlah Digit 1</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Desimal</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1,2,8</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">11,14</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 99.0pt;" valign="top" width="132">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jika
dibuat kedalam bentuk tabel kelompok, menjadi :</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel.
Tabel Kelompok</span></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Desimal</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" valign="top" width="45">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">w</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.35pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">x</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.65pt;" valign="top" width="38">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Y</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.8pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">z</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 22.9pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 22.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 22.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" valign="top" width="45">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 22.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.35pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 22.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.65pt;" valign="top" width="38">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 22.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.8pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 55.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 55.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" width="43">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">8</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 55.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" width="45">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 55.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.35pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 55.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.65pt;" valign="top" width="38">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 55.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.8pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" valign="top" width="45">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.35pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.65pt;" valign="top" width="38">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.8pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 41.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 41.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">11</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">14</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 41.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" valign="top" width="45">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 41.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.35pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 41.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.65pt;" valign="top" width="38">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 41.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.8pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 32.45pt;" valign="top" width="43">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 33.6pt;" valign="top" width="45">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.35pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.65pt;" valign="top" width="38">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.8pt;" valign="top" width="49">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l9 level2 lfo8; tab-stops: .25in list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari
dua <i>minterm</i> yang berbeda nilai digit 1-nya dapat dikombinasikan dengan
angka 0 untuk menghilangkan <i>minterm</i> dari suatu bagian lainnya jika
mempunyai nilai bit yang sama dalam semua posisi kecuali satu posisi. Satu
posisi yang berbeda tersebut dapat diganti dengan tanda ‘-‘, misalnya :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; tab-stops: .25in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in 1.0in 1.5in 141.0pt 2.0in 165.75pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>0000 </span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in 1.0in 1.5in 141.0pt 2.0in 165.75pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 7;"> </span>000-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>0001</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">sehingga
jika contoh diatas diselesaikan, menjadi :</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel.
Tabel Penyederhanaan (1)</span></div>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 12.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; page-break-inside: avoid;">
<td colspan="6" style="background: #D9D9D9; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 163.1pt;" valign="top" width="217">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">( 1 )</span></div>
</td>
<td colspan="6" style="background: #D9D9D9; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 180.75pt;" valign="top" width="241">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">( 2 )</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Desimal</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">w</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">X</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Y</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">z</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Reduksi</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">w</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">x</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">y</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">z</span></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #D9D9D9; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0,1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0,2</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0,8</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">2,10</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">8,10</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">11</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10,11</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">14</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">10,14</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">0</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">15</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">11,15</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 10; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 44.15pt;" valign="top" width="59">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.45pt;" valign="top" width="34">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 18.7pt;" valign="top" width="25">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 43.6pt;" valign="top" width="58">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">14,15</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 24.95pt;" valign="top" width="33">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">-</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 28.05pt;" valign="top" width="37">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">√</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan
:</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>√ : Bilangan yang bisa dikerjakan
lagi pada proses berikutnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 18.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 0in list 18.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.7pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kelompokkan
hasil minterm tahap b seperti tahap a.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 18.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list 0in 18.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.7pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ulangi
tahap b dan c sampai minterm dari setiap bagian tidak dapat saling
menghilangkan.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 4;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.2. Memilih <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Prime-Implicant</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari
tabel 2.13 di atas, terlihat hasil dari tahap penentuan <i>prime-implicant </i>pada
kolom 1, 2, dan 3. pada kolom 3 (sudah tidak dapat dihilangkan), terlihat pada
bagian pertama mencakup desimal 0,2,8,10, dan bagian kedua meliputi desimal
10,11,14,15. Hal ini berarti dari fungsi boolean F = ∑ (0,1,2,8,10,11,14,15);
desimal yang belum ada pada kolom 3 adalah desimal 1. Hal ini berarti calon <i>prime
implicant</i>-nya adalah :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>√<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>: 0,1<span style="mso-tab-count: 3;"> </span>(0 0
0 -) ditandai dengan A</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>√<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>: 0,2,8,10<span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>(- 0 -
0) ditandai dengan B</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>√<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>: 10,11,14,15<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>(1 - 1 -)
ditandai dengan C</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jika
dibuat dalam bentuk tabel, adalah sebagai berikut :</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Tabel <i>Prime Implicant</i></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 99.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 19.5pt;" valign="top" width="26">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 19.5pt;" valign="top" width="26">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">0</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">8</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">10</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">11</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">14</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">15</span></b></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 19.5pt;" valign="top" width="26">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">A</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 19.5pt;" valign="top" width="26">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">X</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">@</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 19.5pt;" valign="top" width="26">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">B</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 19.5pt;" valign="top" width="26">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">X</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">@</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">@</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">X</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background: #CCCCCC; border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 19.5pt;" valign="top" width="26">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">C</span></b></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 19.5pt;" valign="top" width="26">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 21.9pt;" valign="top" width="29">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">X</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">@</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">@</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 22.8pt;" valign="top" width="30">
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan
:</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Tanda @ adalah yang harus dipilih.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Jadi bentuk sederhana setelah
menggunakan metode Quine-McCluskey dari fungsi boolean F = ∑ (0,1,2,8,10,11,14,15)
adalah:</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>F = A + B + C</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>=<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>W’X’Y’ + X’Z’ + WZ</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Metode peta Karnaugh diperlukan
ketelitian yang cukup tinggi didalam proses penyederhanaannya, karena setelah
persamaan yang akan disederhanakan dikonversikan kedalam peta karnaugh, ada
banyak kemungkinan yang terbentuk antara angka 1 yang berhubungan. {Dalam 1
quad bisa terdiri dari 2 pair, dalam 1 oktet bisa terdiri dari 2 buah quad dan
4 buah pair, dan lain-lain}. Sedangkan untuk metode fungsi aljabar dan metode
Quine-McCluskey hasil akhirnya pasti.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">2.3.Contoh Metode Quine-McCluskey</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Berikut ini contoh kasus dengan
menggunakan metode Quine McCluskey yang akan dibahas :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in;">
<u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Contoh
1 : Fungsi Boolean dengan lima variabel</span></u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 65.45pt; tab-stops: 0in .5in; text-indent: -65.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F (v,w,x,y,z) = ∑ m( 0, 2, 4, 5,
11, 12, 15, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29, 30, 31 )</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 56.1pt; tab-stops: 0in .5in; text-indent: -56.1pt;">
<u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Contoh 2 : Fungsi Boolean dengan delapan
variabel</span></u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F
(s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z) = ∑ m(18, 20, 27, 32, 44, 48, 49, 52, 53, 64, 79, 80, 84, 95,
100, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 142, 143, 148, 154, 158, 160 )</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.5in; tab-stops: 0in .5in; text-indent: -1.5in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Penyelesaian
Contoh Metode Quine McCluskey</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dalam menyederhanakan persamaan
dalam metode Quine-McCluskey, tahapan yang harus dilakukan adalah :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 18.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 0in list 18.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.7pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menyatakan variabel komplemen dengan 0,
dan variabel yang bukan komplemen dengan 1.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 18.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 0in list 18.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.7pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kelompokkan suku-suku berdasarkan jumlah
1.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 18.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 0in list 18.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.7pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kombinasikan suku-suku tersebut dengan
kelompok lain yang jumlah 1 nya berbeda satu, sehingga diperoleh bentuk prima
yang sederhana.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Setelah
tahap tersebut selesai dilakukan, maka tahap selanjutnya adalah :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 18.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 0in list 18.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.7pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mencari
<i>Prime implicant : </i>term yang menjadi calon term yang akan terdapat dalam
fungsi sederhana.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 18.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 0in list 18.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.7pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memilih
<i>Prime implicant</i> yang memiliki jumlah literal paling sedikit.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: list 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
melakukan proses tersebut, digunakan tabel reduksi Quine-McCluskey dan tabel
reduksi <i>Prime implicant.</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in;">
<u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penyelesaian
contoh 1 :</span></u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel Reduksi Quine-Mccluskey</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in .5in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kemudian
pemilihan <i>Prime implicant</i> berikutnya dengan cara memperhatikan <i>Prime
implicant </i>mana yang memiliki tanda ‘X’ terbanyak maka didapatkan K. </span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sehingga
di dapatkan hasil A+B+C+D+E+F+G+K.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Jadi
ekspresi sederhana yang dihasilkan adalah :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 65.45pt; tab-stops: 0in; text-indent: -65.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">F(v,w,x,y,z)
= v’w’y’z’ + w’x’yz’ + v’xy’z’ + w’xy’z + vwx’z’ + v’wyz + vwy’z + vxy.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.5in; tab-stops: 0in .5in; text-indent: -1.5in;">
<u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Penyelesaian contoh 2 : </span></u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 81.0pt; text-indent: -81.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">F (s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z) =
∑ m(18, 20, 27, 32, 44, 48, 49, 52, 53, 64, 79, 80, 84, 95, 100, 104, 105, 106,
107, 108, 142, 143, 148, 154, 158, 160 )</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 81.0pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -81.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tabel Reduksi Quine-Mccluskey</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: -9.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">berdasarkan tabel prime
implicants diatas, didapatkan label-label prime implicant terpilih, yaitu : A +
B + C + D + E + F + G + H + J + L + M + N + O</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ekspresi sederhananya
adalah :</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 99.0pt; text-indent: -99.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">F(s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z)
= s’t’u’vw’x’yz’ + s’t’u’vwx’yz + t’uv’w’x’y’z’ + s’tu’w’x’y’z’ +t’u’vw’xy’z’ +
s’tu’vw’y’z’ + s’uv’wxy’z’ + s’tuv’xy’z’ + st’u’v’wxy + st’u’vwyz’ + s’tu’wxyz
+ s’t’uvw’y’ + s’tuv’wx’.<span style="color: red;"></span></span></div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01956050610352054554noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129794618653031807.post-84112032224503186472011-10-06T00:28:00.000-07:002011-10-06T00:29:02.091-07:00semut dan gajah beradu tenaga<span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px;"></span><br />
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Di sebuah padang rumput terdapat seekor gajah, karena tubuhnya yang besar, dia selalu meremehkan/menyakiti binatang-binatang kecil lainnya. Binatang-binatang kecil sangat takut kepadanya, oleh sebab itu gajah menjadi sombong.</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Pada suatu hari, sehabis makan karena tidak ada pekerjaan, gajah berjalan-jalan dengan santai di padang rumput. Gajah menundukkan kepalanya berjalan pada saat itu dia melihat ada seekor semut yang sedang sibuk bekerja.</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Ketika semut sedang sibuk bekerja tidak hati-hati dia tersandung jatuh oleh sebatang rumput.</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
“Hai mahluk kecil, sungguh kasihan engkau.” Gajah menghentikan langkahnya dengan tertawa mengejeknya.</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Semut kecil mengangkat kepalanya, memandang mahluk yang besar bagaikan gunung ini “Apakah engkau sedang berbicara dengan saya, tuan Gajah?”</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
“Iya.” Gajah dengan tertawa mengejek melanjutkan berkata :”sejujurnya saya katakan, engkau sungguh sangat mungil, sebatang kecil rumput saja dapat membuatmu jatuh tunggang langgang, ai… sungguh kasihan .”</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
“Saya memang kecil.” Semut dengan jujur menjawab, “tetapi saya tidak merasa saya perlu dikasihani, setiap barang yang ada didunia ini mempunyai harganya masing-masing, apa yang membuatmu sombong begitu? Apakah engkau sombong karena bentuk tubuh dan kekuatanmu.”</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Gajah tertawa dengan terbahak-bahak :”mahluk kecil yang menyedihkan, tahukah engkau? dipadang rumput ini singa yang paling galakpun ketika melihat saya akan menghindar, dengan belalai saya, saya dapat mencabut pohon yang paling besar dengan akar-akarnya, dan itu tidak memerlukan tenaga, apakah engkau bisa melakukannya?”</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
“Tuan gajah, itu memang saya tidak bisa melakukannya, kami semut sebenarnya memang sangat kecil, seluruh keluarga semut kami berkumpul beratnya tidak bisa dibandingkan dengan satu kakimu yang besar ini, kami tidak bisa seperti kamu mencabut sebatang pohon dengan akar-akarnya juga tidak bisa menakuti seekor singa, tetapi tenaga kami belum tentu lebih kecil daripada tenagamu.”</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Gajah dengan sombong tertawa keras –keras :”ha…ha..ha…ini adalah lelucon yang paling lucu yang pernah saya dengar, ha…haa… haa.. semut berani beradu tenaga dengan gajah! --- dengan sebelah kaki saya saja dapat memijak kalian sampai hancur lebur!”</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
“Tuan, engkau hanya mengandalkan tubuhmu yang besar. Mencabut sebatang pohon besar dapat engkau lakukan hanya dengan belalaimu, tetapi, jika pohon itu sebesar 5 orang baru bisa memeluknya Apakah dengan belalaimu engkau dapat mencabutnya? Dan Jika engkau merasa tenagamu cukup besar, dapatkah engkau menghancurkan titi papan di sungai ini?</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Gajah mengangkat kepalanya berpikir tentang pohon besar yang hanya bisa dipeluk oleh 5 orang, dan memandang titi papan di sungai, lalu dia menggeleng kepalanya berkata : ”kalau yang ini, saya tidak bisa melakukannya.”</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
“Tetapi, kami komunitas semut bersatu dapat membuat pohon besar ini lapuk dan tumbang, dan dapat menghancurkan titi papan disungai juga. Walaupun kami kecil, tidak mempunyai tubuh dan tenaga besar sepertimu, tetapi kami bisa melakukan hal yang tidak bisa engkau lakukan. Jika hendak menghancurkan dunia, tenaga kami sebagai semut lebih besar daripada engkau tuan gajah! Apakah engkau berhak meremehkan mahluk yang lebih kecil daripadamu?”</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Gajah yang sombong ini tanpa berkata sepatah katapun membalikkan badan meninggalkan tempat itu.</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Mulai saat itu, gajah yang sombong merubah sifatnya yang sombong, tidak meremehkan dan menyakitkan mahluk kecil lagi, tidak menganggap remeh kepada tenaga mahluk yang lebih kecil lagi.</div>
<div align="justify" style="color: #444444; font-family: Arial, verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; text-align: justify;">
Pada dasarnya, kita hanya memandang bagian luar seseorang yang bertubuh besar, meremehkan orang yang bertubuh lemah, tetapi belum tentu orang yang bertubuh lemah tenaganya kalah dengan orang yang bertubuh besar</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01956050610352054554noreply@blogger.com0